30 Questions
What is the direction of the term anterior in the body?
The front of the body
What does the term proximal mean in relation to the body?
Closer to the point of attachment to the body
What is the meaning of the term cephalic in relation to the body?
Closer to the head than another structure
What is the direction of the term posterior in the body?
The back of the body
What does the term distal mean in relation to the body?
Farther from the point of attachment to the body
What is the meaning of the term medial in relation to the body?
Toward the midline of the body
What is the process in which excess glucose is converted to glycogen?
Glycogenesis
What is the byproduct of the breakdown of amino acids in the protein metabolism pathway?
Urea
What is the side chain of an amino acid represented by in the molecular structure?
R
What is the process by which triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids?
Lipolysis
What is removed from an amino acid during oxidative deamination?
NH2 group
What is the final product of the protein metabolism pathway that relates to the carbohydrate metabolism pathway?
Pyruvate
What does the term superficialis refer to in anatomical direction?
Toward or on the surface
In the anatomical position, how are the palms of the hands facing?
Forward
What is the name of the plane that divides the body into left and right halves?
Sagittal plane
What is the name of the body cavity that houses the brain?
Cranial cavity
What is the purpose of negative feedback loops in maintaining homeostasis?
To counteract the stimulus
What is the total amount of ATP produced from the breakdown of glucose?
32 ATP
What is the process called when ATP synthase enzyme speeds up and takes control of the movement of protons down the gradient to produce ATP?
Chemiosmosis
What is the final electron acceptor in the electron-transport chain?
Oxygen
What is the breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids called?
Lipolysis
What is the process called when excess acetyl-CoA is converted to fatty acids and triglycerides?
Lipogenesis
What is the difference between lipolysis and beta-oxidation?
Lipolysis breaks down triglycerides, while beta-oxidation breaks down fatty acids
What is produced when there is low carbohydrate availability?
Ketone bodies
What characterizes an isotope of an element?
Same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons
What is the smallest particle of an element composed of?
Protons, electrons, and neutrons
What type of bond is formed between carbon and oxygen in a carbon dioxide molecule?
Nonpolar covalent bond
How many electrons do oxygen atoms have on their valence shell in a carbon dioxide molecule?
6 electrons
What is the result of the unequal distribution of electrons in a water molecule?
A polar covalent bond
What is the reason for the uneven distribution of electrons in a water molecule?
The stronger electronegativity of oxygen
Test your knowledge of directional terms used in anatomy, including right, left, superior, inferior, cephalic, and caudal. Learn the definitions and examples of these terms to improve your understanding of the human body.
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