Anatomy and Physiology Quiz

The largest part of the brain, composed of two hemispheres and responsible for higher-level functions like thinking, learning, and consciousness.

The central part of the brain that acts as a relay station for sensory information and controls basic functions like sleep, hunger, and temperature regulation.

The lower part of the brain that connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord and controls vital functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.

The back part of the brain responsible for coordination, balance, and movement.

The part of the parietal lobe responsible for processing sensory information from the skin, muscles, and joints.

The two main muscles in the calf of the leg, responsible for ankle plantarflexion (pointing the toes).

The process of returning a neuron to its resting state after an action potential by pumping potassium ions out of the cell.

The small but powerful gland located beneath the hypothalamus, responsible for hormone production and regulation.

The circular muscle surrounding the eye, responsible for closing the eyelids.

Specialized cells responsible for producing the myelin sheath that insulates nerve fibers, speeding up nerve impulse transmission.

The middle layer of the meninges, resembling a spider web, it helps protect and support the brain and spinal cord.

A group of muscles located on the posterior thigh, responsible for extending the hip and flexing the knee.

The process of muscle relaxation, involving the active pumping of calcium back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This leads to the separation of actin and myosin filaments, allowing the muscle to relax.

The nerve action potential triggers the release of acetylcholine from the prejunctional membrane, initiating muscle contraction.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acts as a protective cushion for the brain, delivers nutrients, and removes waste products.

A type of muscle that encircles an opening, controlling the flow of substances through that opening.

The masseter muscle is responsible for chewing food by elevating the mandible (lower jaw).

The arrival of an action potential at the presynaptic terminal triggers the release of acetylcholine from neurons.

Actin and myosin are contractile proteins responsible for muscle contraction. They interact to form cross-bridges, enabling the sliding filament mechanism.

The rotator cuff muscles are a group of four muscles that surround the shoulder joint, responsible for movement and stability of the arm at the shoulder.