Anatomy and Physiology Quiz

A hinge joint is a type of synovial joint that allows movement in one plane only, like a door hinge. It is characterized by a convex surface that articulates with a concave surface.

A pivot joint is a type of synovial joint that allows for rotation around a central axis. It is characterized by a cylindrical bony process that rotates within a ring formed by a ligament and another bone.

An ellipsoid joint is a type of synovial joint that allows for movement in two planes: flexion/extension and adduction/abduction. It is characterized by an oval-shaped condyle that fits into an elliptical cavity.

A condylar joint is a type of synovial joint that allows for movement in two planes: flexion/extension and adduction/abduction. The main difference between a condylar joint and an ellipsoid joint is that the condylar joint typically has one convex surface and one concave surface, while the ellipsoid joint has two curved surfaces.

A saddle joint is a type of synovial joint that allows for movement in two planes and resembles a saddle. It's characterized by one bone with a convex surface in one direction and a concave surface in another, while the other bone has the opposite shape.

The olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I) is a sensory nerve responsible for the sense of smell. It transmits signals from the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb in the brain.

The optic nerve (cranial nerve II) is a sensory nerve responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain. It carries signals from the retina, which is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye.

The oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) is a motor nerve that controls several muscles of the eye, including the superior, inferior, and medial rectus muscles, the inferior oblique muscle, and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle, which raises the upper eyelid.

Controls movement of the bicep muscle.

Controls movement of the tricep muscle.

Controls movement of the trapezius muscle.

A region in the frontal lobe responsible for voluntary movement.

A region responsible for processing sensory information from the body.

A region in the temporal lobe responsible for processing auditory information.

A region in the frontal lobe responsible for speech production.

The portal vein is formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein at the level of the second lumbar vertebra (L2).

The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ located on the inferior surface of the right lobe of the liver. It stores bile produced by the liver.

The bile duct is formed by the union of the cystic duct (from the gallbladder) and the common hepatic duct (from the liver). It carries bile to the small intestine.

The spleen is a wedge-shaped organ primarily located in the left hypochondriac region of the abdomen. It plays a role in filtering blood and storing white blood cells.

The pancreas is a gland located at the level of L1 and L2 vertebrae. It produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin and glucagon.

The liver is the largest gland in the body. It is located in the right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac regions. It performs many vital functions, including filtering blood, producing bile, and storing nutrients.

The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located retroperitoneally in the epigastric, hypocondrium, lumbar, and umbilical regions. They filter waste products from the blood and produce urine.

The adrenal glands are located on top of the kidneys and produce hormones like cortisol and adrenaline. These hormones play a key role in regulating stress response and metabolism.

The strongest ligament in the human body. It is also known as the inverted Y-shaped ligament of Bigelow, found in the hip joint.

A superficial fascia located in the perineum. It's responsible for supporting the structures in the area, including the muscles and blood vessels.

A deep fascia found in the neck.

A deep fascia in the thigh, covering the thigh muscles. This is the main fascia holding the thigh muscles together and allowing them to move properly.

A superficial fascia, situated between the umbilicus (belly button) and the pubis. It's thin and loose, and helps support the abdominal wall.

The female reproductive organ that produces eggs (ova) and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

The ovaries change in shape from vertical (before childbirth) to horizontal (after childbirth).

The uterine tubes, also known as fallopian tubes, are responsible for transporting eggs from the ovaries to the uterus.

Fertilization, the union of an egg and sperm, typically occurs within the ampulla, a section of the uterine tube.

The uterus is a pear-shaped organ responsible for housing and nurturing a developing fetus during pregnancy.

The uterus is tilted forward (antiversion) at a 90-degree angle and also slightly bent forward (antiflexion) at a 120-degree angle.

Prostate is a walnut-shaped gland located below the bladder in males. It produces fluid that contributes to semen.

The anal canal is the last part of the digestive system. It connects the rectum to the anus.

A gland found in the eyelids that produces an oily secretion to lubricate the eye.

A sebaceous gland located in the tarsal plate of the eyelid, responsible for producing an oily secretion that helps keep the eyelids from sticking together.

Glands located at the base of eyelashes, secreting sebum to lubricate the eyelashes.

Small glands located in the bulbous part of the urethra in males, secreting a fluid that helps to lubricate the urethra during sexual activity.

Glands located in the labia majora of females, secreting a fluid that helps to lubricate the vagina during sexual activity.

Glands found in the areola of the breast, responsible for secreting a fluid that helps to lubricate the nipple and protect it from dryness.

A small gland found in the duodenum, responsible for secreting an alkaline fluid that helps to neutralize the acidic chyme coming from the stomach.

A pouch located in the brain, responsible for the development of the anterior pituitary gland.