Anatomy and Physiology Quiz

Gross anatomy is the study of larger structures that do not require a microscope. An example is the study of organs such as the heart, lungs, or stomach.

The regional approach in anatomy involves the study of interrelationships of all structures in a specific body region. An example is the study of the structures in the abdominal region.

The cellular level refers to cells as the basic independent structural and functional units of living organisms. Cells are responsible for performing physiological functions and are composed of molecules that form organelles and cytoplasm.

<p>The tissue level involves groups of cells and substances around them that are specialized to perform specific functions. Tissues have the same embryonic origin. An example is the study of smooth muscle tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organ systems are composed of related organs with common functions, and they work closely together to perform major life functions. An example is the urinary system, which includes the kidneys and bladder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An organism is a collection of structural and functional organ systems that work harmoniously together to perform all necessary life functions. It is an independent living entity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anatomy is the study of structure and the relationships among structures, while physiology is the study of how body structures function and the chemistry and physics of body structures working together to support life functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The chemical level involves molecules as the building blocks, which are made from the bonding of atoms. Atoms have unique properties and undergo chemical reactions to join together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The integumentary system includes the skin, nails, and hair. Its functions are to cover the body surface, provide a barrier, and contain sensory receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The skeletal system includes bones, cartilage, and joints. Its functions are to provide support and structure, allow movement, and protect internal organs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The muscular system includes skeletal muscles and tendons. Its functions are to allow movement, generate heat, and maintain posture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Its functions are to monitor the environment, detect sensory information, activate body responses, and contribute to homeostasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The endocrine system includes the pituitary gland, adrenal gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Its functions are to secrete hormones to regulate body processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cardiovascular system includes the heart and blood vessels. Its functions are to deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells, and regulate body temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lymphatic system includes the thymus, lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, and spleen. Its functions are to return fluids and molecules to the bloodstream, and protect against pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The respiratory system includes the nasal passages, trachea, and lungs. Its functions are to deliver oxygen to the blood, and remove carbon dioxide from the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The digestive system includes the stomach, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, and small intestine. Its functions are to break down and process food, and remove waste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The urinary system includes the kidneys and urinary bladder. Its functions are to remove and excrete waste from the blood, and regulate water balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The male reproductive system includes the epididymis and testes. Its functions are to produce sex hormones and gametes (sperm), and deliver sperm to the female.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The female reproductive system includes the mammary glands, ovaries, and uterus. Its functions are to produce sex hormones and gametes (eggs), support and nourish the embryo/fetus, and produce milk for infants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gross anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microscopic anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tissue level</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regional approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integumentary system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiovascular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urinary system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Feedback system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Allows movement, generates heat, maintains posture</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secretes hormones to regulate body processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delivers oxygen to the blood, removes carbon dioxide from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Removes and excretes waste from the blood, regulates water balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical level = Chemical building blocks are molecules Cellular level = Cells are the basic independent structural and functional units of living organisms Tissue level = Groups of cells and substances around them that are specialized to perform specific functions Organ level = Formed when two or more different tissues combine and have a definite form and specific functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regional approach = Study of interrelationships of all structures in a specific body region Systemic approach = Study of structures that make up a discrete body system and work together to perform a unique body function Gross anatomy = Study of larger structures that do not require a microscope Microscopic anatomy = Study of structures that can only be seen with a microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscular system = Responsible for movement and support Urinary system = Removes and excretes waste from the blood and regulates water balance Integumentary system = Provides a barrier and contains sensory receptors Cardiovascular system = Delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells and regulates body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homeostasis = Cycle of events and physiological processes that monitor and maintain a controlled condition Metabolism = Sum of all chemical reactions in the body Differentiation = Process that allows cells to change from an unspecialized state to a specialized state in terms of structure and function Stimulus = Environmental change or detection of sensory information that triggers a response</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integumentary system = Covers the body surface, provides a barrier, contains sensory receptors Skeletal system = Provides support and structure, allows movement, protects internal organs Muscular system = Allows movement, generates heat, maintains posture Nervous system = Monitors the environment, detects sensory information, activates body responses, contributes to homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endocrine system = Includes the pituitary gland, adrenal gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, ovaries, and testes Cardiovascular system = Includes the heart and blood vessels Lymphatic system = Includes the thymus, lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, and spleen Respiratory system = Includes the nasal passages, trachea, and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metabolism = The sum of all chemical reactions in the body Responsiveness = Living things can monitor and detect changes in their environment and respond to them Movement = Living things can exhibit motion at various levels, from whole body movement to cellular and organelle movement Growth = Living things can increase in size and complexity by increasing cell size or cell number</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homeostasis = The maintenance of a steady state in the internal environment of the body Nervous system and endocrine system = Involved in maintaining homeostasis Nervous system = Acts quickly in maintaining homeostasis Endocrine system = Acts more slowly in maintaining homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulus = A disruption that leads to changes in a controlled condition Receptor = Detects changes and reports information to the control center Control center = Sets the values for maintaining the controlled condition Effectors = Respond to commands from the control center to produce a response and return the condition to homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anabolism = Building larger and more complex substances from smaller molecules, requires energy Catabolism = Breaking down larger substances into smaller molecules, releases energy Differentiation = Allows cells to change from an unspecialized state to a specialized state in terms of structure and function Reproduction = Production of new individuals or new cells for growth, repair, or replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>function</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>combine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The integumentary system includes the skin, nails, and hair, and provides a barrier and contains sensory receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homeostasis is the maintenance of a steady state in the internal environment of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A feedback system is a cycle of events and physiological processes that monitor and maintain a controlled condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>bones, cartilage, and joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>skeletal muscles and tendons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the pituitary gland, adrenal gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, ovaries, and testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the heart and blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the nasal passages, trachea, and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the stomach, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, and small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the kidneys and urinary bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the epididymis and testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the mammary glands, ovaries, and uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers