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Questions and Answers
What is the study of the structure of the body?
What is the study of the structure of the body?
Anatomy
What is a group of cells with similar or common function?
What is a group of cells with similar or common function?
Tissue
What is the study of structures that can be examined without the aid of a microscope?
What is the study of structures that can be examined without the aid of a microscope?
Gross Anatomy
What refers to the existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body?
What refers to the existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body?
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What refers to an increase in the size or number of cells or parts of the organism?
What refers to an increase in the size or number of cells or parts of the organism?
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What is a directional term which means farther from the point of attachment to the body?
What is a directional term which means farther from the point of attachment to the body?
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What is the thin, flexible barrier around a cell?
What is the thin, flexible barrier around a cell?
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What is a tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell?
What is a tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell?
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What is a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended?
What is a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended?
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What is the organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA?
What is the organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA?
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What is the cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another?
What is the cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another?
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What is the "powerhouse" of the cell?
What is the "powerhouse" of the cell?
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What is the organelle that is responsible for making proteins?
What is the organelle that is responsible for making proteins?
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What is cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes?
What is cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes?
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What is the movement of a solute from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration within a solvent?
What is the movement of a solute from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration within a solvent?
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What is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane?
What is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane?
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What is the force required to prevent movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane?
What is the force required to prevent movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane?
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What type of cytoskeleton that provide structural support, assist in cell division, forming essential components of certain organelles?
What type of cytoskeleton that provide structural support, assist in cell division, forming essential components of certain organelles?
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What type of cytoskeleton that determine cell shape and involved in cell movement?
What type of cytoskeleton that determine cell shape and involved in cell movement?
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What is the formation of two daughter cells from a single parent cell?
What is the formation of two daughter cells from a single parent cell?
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What is the microscopic study of tissue structure?
What is the microscopic study of tissue structure?
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What types of tissue that covers and protects surfaces, both outside and inside the body?
What types of tissue that covers and protects surfaces, both outside and inside the body?
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What is the main function of Epithelia?
What is the main function of Epithelia?
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Squamous cells are what shape?
Squamous cells are what shape?
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What are structures that secrete substances onto a surface, into a cavity, or into blood; primarily composed of epithelium, with a supporting network of connective tissue?
What are structures that secrete substances onto a surface, into a cavity, or into blood; primarily composed of epithelium, with a supporting network of connective tissue?
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What is the main function of muscle tissue?
What is the main function of muscle tissue?
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What is the unpleasant but beneficial occurrence in the human body when tissues are damaged?
What is the unpleasant but beneficial occurrence in the human body when tissues are damaged?
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What results when the agent responsible for an injury is not removed or something else interferes with the healing process?
What results when the agent responsible for an injury is not removed or something else interferes with the healing process?
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Epidermis is the most superficial layer of the skin.
Epidermis is the most superficial layer of the skin.
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What is a group of pigments primarily responsible for skin, hair, and eye color?
What is a group of pigments primarily responsible for skin, hair, and eye color?
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What is a lacy network of bone with many small, marrow-filled spaces?
What is a lacy network of bone with many small, marrow-filled spaces?
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What is the central axis of the skeleton, extending from the base of the skull to slightly past the end of pelvis?
What is the central axis of the skeleton, extending from the base of the skull to slightly past the end of pelvis?
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What is a type of disorder wherein abnormally small body size due to improper growth at epiphyseal plates?
What is a type of disorder wherein abnormally small body size due to improper growth at epiphyseal plates?
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What is the capacity to respond to a stimulus?
What is the capacity to respond to a stimulus?
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Smooth and cardiac muscles are involuntary?
Smooth and cardiac muscles are involuntary?
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What is the light area of the sarcomere?
What is the light area of the sarcomere?
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What ion stimulates the contraction of muscle?
What ion stimulates the contraction of muscle?
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What is the stiffening of muscle fibers that occurs after death?
What is the stiffening of muscle fibers that occurs after death?
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology
- Anatomy: The study of the body's structure.
- Physiology: The study of the body's function.
- Tissue: A collection of cells with a shared function.
- Organ system: A group of organs working together.
- Integumentary system: Protects the body from environmental hazards and regulates temperature.
- Skeletal system: Supports the body, protects organs, and produces blood cells.
- Muscular system: Enables movement and produces heat.
- Gross anatomy: Structures visible without a microscope.
- Homeostasis: Maintaining a stable internal environment.
- Growth: Increase in size or number of cells/parts.
- Directional terms: Distal (farther from attachment), deep (away from surface).
Cell Structure and Function
- Cell: Basic unit of life.
- Cell membrane: Regulates what enters/leaves the cell.
- Cytoplasm: Fluid inside the cell, containing organelles.
- Nucleus: Controls cell activities; contains DNA.
- Organelles: Structures within the cell with specific functions.
- Mitochondria: "Powerhouse" of the cell; produces energy.
- Ribosomes: Responsible for protein synthesis.
- Endoplasmic reticulum: Maze-like structure, transports proteins.
Tissues and Histology
- Histology: Microscopic study of tissue structure.
- Epithelial tissue: Covers body surfaces; protective and secretory.
- Nervous tissue: Coordinates and controls body activities.
- Muscle tissue: Enables movement (contraction).
Cell Division and Reproduction
- Mitosis: Cell division resulting in two identical cells.
- Diffusion: Movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
- Osmosis: Diffusion of water across a membrane.
Other Body Systems
- Respiratory system: Involved in breathing.
- Digestive system: Involved in processing food.
- Urinary system: Responsible for removing waste.
- Reproductive system: Related to reproduction.
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Skeletal System: Supporting framework of the body.
- Compact/Cortical Bone: Dense, strong bone tissue.
- Spongy Bone: Porous bone tissue.
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Joints: Locations where bones meet.
- Diarthroses: Freely movable joints.
- Amphiarthroses: Slightly movable joints.
- Synarthroses: Immovable joints.
Muscle Tissue
- Muscles: Generate force, enabling movement.
- Excitability: Respond to stimuli (nerve impulses).
- Elasticity: Recoil back to original length.
- Types of Muscle Tissue: Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
- Smooth Muscle: Involuntary movements (digestion, blood flow).
- Skeletal Muscle: Voluntary movements.
- Cardiac Muscle: Involuntary contractions of heart.
- Muscle Tone: Constant tension in muscles.
- Fatigue: Temporary loss of muscle function.
- Muscular System Functions: Heart contraction, body movements, maintenance of posture
Other Topics
- Macrophage: Type of phagocytic cell that removes debris.
- Skin Layers (Epidermis, Dermis): Outer and inner skin layers.
- Melanocytes: Produce melanin (skin pigment).
- Inflammatory response: Protective response to tissue damage.
- Chronic Inflammation: Inflammation that persists.
- Chemical mediators: Substances involved in healing and inflammation.
- Neutrophils: Type of white blood cell involved in fighting infection.
- Hair and Nails: Structural components of the skin.
- Skeletal disorders: Conditions affecting bone development, such as rickets and dwarfism, and gout.
- Gout: Painful condition due to uric acid buildup.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts in Anatomy and Physiology, including body systems such as the integumentary, skeletal, and muscular systems. Additionally, it introduces cell structure and function, emphasizing the importance of homeostasis and directional terms. Test your knowledge of the building blocks of life and the complexities of human anatomy!
