Anatomy and Physiology of the Stomach

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the stomach in the digestive process?

  • Absorb macro and micro nutrients
  • Produce bile salts to emulsify lipids
  • Further breakdown of food residue
  • Mix food with gastric juices to form chyme (correct)

Which accessory organ produces bile salts to aid in the digestion and absorption of lipids?

  • Liver (correct)
  • Gallbladder
  • Small intestine
  • Pancreas

What is the last voluntary act in the digestive process before defecation?

  • Peristalsis
  • Swallowing (correct)
  • Segmentation
  • Ingestion

What is the purpose of segmentation in the small intestine?

<p>Mix chyme and digestive juices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function does the pancreas serve in the digestive process?

<p>Produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of mechanical digestion in the digestive process?

<p>Exposes a larger surface area to digestive juices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the stomach adds a third layer of oblique muscle?

<p>Serosa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the enteric nervous system?

<p>Regulate digestive secretions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system in the digestive system?

<p>Increase GI secretion and motility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the hepatic portal system in the digestive system?

<p>Transport protein and carbohydrate to the liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the parietal peritoneum?

<p>Lines the abdominal wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mouth in the digestive system?

<p>Ingest, chew, and mix food (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lower esophageal sphincter?

<p>Controls food entering the stomach and acid leaving the stomach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of swallowing moves food into the esophagus?

<p>Pharyngeal phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the stomach in the digestive system?

<p>Release chyme into small intestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the stomach is responsible for churning food?

<p>Fundus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the pyloric sphincter play in digestion?

<p>Controls emptying of the stomach into the duodenum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the size of an empty stomach compare to its size when full?

<p>Full stomach is larger than when empty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the soft palate?

<p>To prevent food from entering the nasal cavity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of gastric acid?

<p>Gastrin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the tongue in the digestive process?

<p>To aid in ingestion, mechanical digestion, swallowing, and vocalization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reflex is responsible for the increased secretion of digestive juices in response to the sight or smell of food?

<p>Long reflex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the process of $\text{absorption}$ in the digestive system?

<p>To transport nutrients into the bloodstream or lymphatic system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas?

<p>Secretin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the tongue is incorrect?

<p>It lacks intrinsic muscles for dynamic movement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate pH range of saliva?

<p>6.35 - 6.85 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following teeth are specifically designed for tearing food?

<p>Cuspids (canines) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the pharynx connects to the esophagus and larynx?

<p>Laryngopharynx (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the epiglottis during swallowing?

<p>To prevent food from entering the trachea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate length of the esophagus?

<p>10 inches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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