Anatomy and Physiology of the Stomach
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the stomach in the digestive process?

  • Absorb macro and micro nutrients
  • Produce bile salts to emulsify lipids
  • Further breakdown of food residue
  • Mix food with gastric juices to form chyme (correct)
  • Which accessory organ produces bile salts to aid in the digestion and absorption of lipids?

  • Liver (correct)
  • Gallbladder
  • Small intestine
  • Pancreas
  • What is the last voluntary act in the digestive process before defecation?

  • Peristalsis
  • Swallowing (correct)
  • Segmentation
  • Ingestion
  • What is the purpose of segmentation in the small intestine?

    <p>Mix chyme and digestive juices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function does the pancreas serve in the digestive process?

    <p>Produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of mechanical digestion in the digestive process?

    <p>Exposes a larger surface area to digestive juices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the stomach adds a third layer of oblique muscle?

    <p>Serosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the enteric nervous system?

    <p>Regulate digestive secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system in the digestive system?

    <p>Increase GI secretion and motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the hepatic portal system in the digestive system?

    <p>Transport protein and carbohydrate to the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the parietal peritoneum?

    <p>Lines the abdominal wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the mouth in the digestive system?

    <p>Ingest, chew, and mix food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lower esophageal sphincter?

    <p>Controls food entering the stomach and acid leaving the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of swallowing moves food into the esophagus?

    <p>Pharyngeal phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the stomach in the digestive system?

    <p>Release chyme into small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the stomach is responsible for churning food?

    <p>Fundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the pyloric sphincter play in digestion?

    <p>Controls emptying of the stomach into the duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the size of an empty stomach compare to its size when full?

    <p>Full stomach is larger than when empty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the soft palate?

    <p>To prevent food from entering the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of gastric acid?

    <p>Gastrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the tongue in the digestive process?

    <p>To aid in ingestion, mechanical digestion, swallowing, and vocalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reflex is responsible for the increased secretion of digestive juices in response to the sight or smell of food?

    <p>Long reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the process of $\text{absorption}$ in the digestive system?

    <p>To transport nutrients into the bloodstream or lymphatic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas?

    <p>Secretin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the tongue is incorrect?

    <p>It lacks intrinsic muscles for dynamic movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate pH range of saliva?

    <p>6.35 - 6.85</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following teeth are specifically designed for tearing food?

    <p>Cuspids (canines)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the pharynx connects to the esophagus and larynx?

    <p>Laryngopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the epiglottis during swallowing?

    <p>To prevent food from entering the trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate length of the esophagus?

    <p>10 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

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