Anatomy and Physiology in Cosmetology
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Questions and Answers

Why should cosmetologists have a thorough knowledge of anatomy and physiology?

Because working with the bones of the face and skull adds to flattering haircuts, hairstyles, and makeup applications.

Identify a true statement about a cell's cytoplasm.

It provides a structure for the cell parts to ensure their free movement within the cell membrane.

The process of cell reproduction that occurs when a cell divides into two identical daughter cells is known as __________.

Mitosis

Epithelial tissue in the body __________.

<p>Is seen within many body parts such as mucous membranes and the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of tissue in the body controls as well as coordinates all functions of the body?

<p>Nerve tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are organs?

<p>They are groups of specialized tissues that carry out specific functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the circulatory system?

<p>To regulate blood movement throughout the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Understanding how nerves work will most likely help cosmetologists __________.

<p>Perform services such as massages, shampoos, and facial and nail services in a more safe and proficient way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following body systems provides a protective covering and controls body temperature?

<p>The integumentary system</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the muscular system is true?

<p>It is affected by massages performed during cosmetology services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true of joints?

<p>A joint refers to the connection between two or more bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the primary functions of the skeletal system is to __________.

<p>Help in the production of red and white blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cosmetologist should have an understanding of the skeletal system because __________.

<p>It helps protect the cosmetologist's own body by using proper body mechanics while working.</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ are two bones that form the sides and top of the skull's cranium.

<p>Parietal bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ bones, also called cheekbones or malar bones, form the prominence of the cheeks and outer parts of the eye sockets.

<p>Zygomatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the U-shaped bone at the tongue's base that supports the tongue and its muscles?

<p>Hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________, also called the shoulder blades, are two large, flat, and triangular shoulder bones.

<p>Scapulae</p> Signup and view all the answers

The uppermost and largest bone in the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder, is called the __________.

<p>Humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the larger of the two leg bones below the knee on the big toe side that supports most of the body's weight?

<p>Tibia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Voluntary muscles (striated) are __________.

<p>Muscles that a person can control at will.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify a true statement about origin, which is one of the three parts of a muscle.

<p>It is anchored to the bone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The broad muscle that extends from the pectoral and deltoid muscles to the side of the chin and is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip is called the __________.

<p>Platysma</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles surrounds and elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostrils, as when expressing distaste?

<p>Zygomaticus major</p> Signup and view all the answers

The large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that lets the arm extend outward and to the side of the body is called the __________.

<p>Deltoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Muscles that draw a body part toward the midline of the body and draw the fingers together in the hand are called __________.

<p>Adductors</p> Signup and view all the answers

The extensor digitorum longus is the muscle that __________.

<p>Extends the toes and bends the foot up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the foot muscle that flexes the toes and helps with the maintenance of balance while standing and walking?

<p>Flexor digitorum brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ controls involuntary muscle action and the action of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, heart, and breathing.

<p>Autonomic nervous system (ANS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Motor nerves __________.

<p>Carry impulses from the brain to the glands or muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true of pulmonary circulation?

<p>It carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs for the purpose of oxygenation and waste removal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thin-walled blood vessels that carry waste products that contain blood to the heart and lungs for cleaning and to pick up oxygen are called __________.

<p>Veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about blood?

<p>It helps protect the body from harmful toxins and bacteria by working with the immune system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The external carotid artery __________.

<p>Supplies blood to the anterior parts of the face, neck, scalp, ear, and sides of the head.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ system is a significant part of the immune system, which helps defend against infection.

<p>Lymphatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

A clear or pale-yellow fluid that has white blood cells and travels through lymph vessels is known as __________.

<p>Lymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the lymphatic system?

<p>Lymph nodes help filter bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The integumentary system includes the __________ and its accessory organs.

<p>Skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify a true statement about the skin.

<p>It protects the body from outside elements, such as chemicals, germs, and sun exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify an exocrine gland.

<p>The sebaceous gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements associated with the endocrine system is true?

<p>Hormones secreted by the endocrine glands are chemical substances such as estrogen, insulin, and adrenaline, which stimulate activities in the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Importance of Anatomy and Physiology in Cosmetology

  • Knowledge of anatomy and physiology helps cosmetologists create flattering haircuts, hairstyles, and makeup by understanding facial bone structures.

Cell Structure

  • Cytoplasm serves as a medium for movement of cell parts within the cell membrane.
  • Mitosis is the process where a cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

Tissue Types

  • Epithelial tissue covers various body parts, including mucous membranes and skin.
  • Nerve tissue controls and coordinates all body functions.

Organs and Systems

  • Organs are specialized tissue groups performing specific functions.
  • The circulatory system regulates blood movement throughout the body.
  • Understanding nerve function enhances service delivery in cosmetology, such as massages and facials.
  • The integumentary system protects the body and regulates temperature.

Muscular and Skeletal Systems

  • The muscular system is influenced by massages in cosmetology.
  • Joints connect two or more bones.
  • The skeletal system helps produce red and white blood cells and protects the body.

Key Bones

  • Parietal bones form the sides and top of the skull's cranium.
  • Zygomatic bones, also known as cheekbones, create the prominence of cheeks and parts of eye sockets.
  • The hyoid bone supports the tongue and its muscles.
  • Scapulae are flat, triangular shoulder blades.
  • The humerus is the largest bone in the arm, connecting the elbow to the shoulder.
  • The tibia is the larger bone in the lower leg supporting body weight.

Muscle Types and Functions

  • Voluntary muscles (striated) can be controlled at will.
  • Muscle origins are anchored to bones.
  • The platysma muscle lowers the jaw and lip.
  • The zygomaticus major elevates the upper lip and dilates nostrils.
  • The deltoid muscle allows arm extension outward.

Muscle Groups

  • Adductors draw body parts toward the midline and bring fingers together.
  • The extensor digitorum longus extends toes and bends the foot.
  • The flexor digitorum brevis flexes toes and helps maintain balance.

Nervous System

  • The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary muscle actions and functions of smooth muscles, glands, and major organs.
  • Motor nerves transmit impulses from the brain to muscles and glands.

Circulatory System

  • Pulmonary circulation transports oxygen-poor blood to the lungs for oxygenation.
  • Veins are thin-walled blood vessels carrying waste products to the heart and lungs.
  • Blood protects the body against toxins and bacteria by aiding the immune system.

Arteries and Lymphatic System

  • The external carotid artery supplies blood to the face, neck, and scalp.
  • The lymphatic system is crucial for immune defense, with lymph nodes filtering bacteria and viruses.
  • Lymph is a clear fluid containing white blood cells traveling through lymph vessels.

Integumentary System

  • The integumentary system comprises the skin and its accessory organs, protecting the body from external elements and sun exposure.
  • The sebaceous gland is an example of an exocrine gland.

Endocrine System

  • Endocrine glands secrete hormones, such as estrogen and insulin, which are essential for regulating bodily functions.

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Description

This quiz explores the vital role of anatomy and physiology in the field of cosmetology. It covers cell structure, tissue types, organ systems, and how these concepts apply to beauty practices like hair styling and skincare. Understand how knowledge in these areas enhances service delivery in the cosmetic industry.

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