Anatomy and Physiology Basics Ch1
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of anatomy?

  • Studying the form and structure of the body (correct)
  • Studying the function of the body
  • Maintaining homeostasis
  • Examining how the body functions

    • How is physiology related to the human body?

  • It manipulates and palpates the body
  • It maintains homeostasis
  • It examines the form and structure of the body
  • It studies how the body functions (correct)

    • According to the principle of complementarity of structure and function, what does function always reflect?

  • Color
  • Temperature
  • Structure (correct)
  • Size

    • Which theme of the course emphasizes the inter-relationship between environment and the body's response?

    <p>Adaptive nature of our bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best defines homeostasis?

    <p>A dynamic state of equilibrium, always readjusting as needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does homeostasis contribute to the human body?

    <p>By maintaining relatively stable internal conditions despite continuous changes in environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of studying anatomy?

    <p>Studying the form and structure of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what does physiology examine?

    <p>'How' the body functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does homeostasis involve?

    <p>'Continuous adjustments' as needed from all organ systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Adaptive nature of our bodies' emphasizes which aspect?

    <p>'Inter-relationship between environment and body’s response'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is homeostasis?

    <p>The maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions despite continuous changes in environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What depends on specific form according to 'principle of complementarity of structure and function'?

    <p>What a structure can do</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered the Father of Western medicine?

    <p>Hippocrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which time period was the study of anatomy outlawed?

    <p>Middle Ages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who performed vivisections of criminals around the 2nd century B.C.?

    <p>Herophilus &amp; Eristratus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Greek physician is known for separating disease from superstition?

    <p>Hippocrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which centuries were anatomists like celebrities and people paid to see dissections in large amphitheaters?

    <p>17th &amp; 18th centuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physician wrote 'the' anatomy text used for 1500 years after vivisecting pigs and primates?

    <p>Galen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of anatomy is the study of large, visible structures?

    <p>Gross or macroscopic anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plane passes through the body dividing it into left and right portions?

    <p>Midsagittal (or median) plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes an effect that affects both sides equally?

    <p>Bilateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region forms the main vertical axis of the body?

    <p>Axial region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a thin, double-layered membrane that lines the walls of the ventral body cavity and the outer surfaces of organs?

    <p>Serosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition causes roughening of pleurae or peritoneum and leads to organs sticking together and dragging across one another, causing pain?

    <p>A and D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we call the space between the parietal and visceral layers of serous membranes?

    <p>Serous cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system plays a major role in maintaining homeostasis by monitoring variables that can change, such as body temperature?

    <p>Nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In homeostatic systems regulated by negative feedback, what is the resulting action in response to a stimulus?

    <p>Opposite to the stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of feedback occurs much less frequently than negative feedback and reinforces a stimulus to continue moving a variable in the same direction until a climactic event occurs?

    <p>Positive feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an event that triggers positive feedback in the human body?

    <p>Blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a homeostatic variable in the human body?

    <p>$CO_2$ levels in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we call factors that can change in the body, such as body temperature?

    <p>Variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a normal range for a homeostatic variable?

    <p>All of these</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a condition that arises due to homeostatic imbalance?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Hippocrates separate from superstition?

    <p>Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered the founder of anatomy?

    <p>Herophilus of Chalcedon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which time period was the study of anatomy outlawed?

    <p>Middle Ages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physician wrote 'the' anatomy text used for 1500 years after vivisecting pigs and primates?

    <p>Galen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus during the Renaissance period?

    <p>Anatomical interest/knowledge reestablishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical study focuses on large, visible structures?

    <p>Gross or macroscopic anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did vivisections of criminals further?

    <p>Knowledge of anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was outlawed during the Middle Ages?

    <p>The study of anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Slices' of body called sections or planes are exposed by which type of slice?

    <p>'Transverse (or cross-sectional) plane'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Midsagittal (or median) plane' divides the body into left and right portions. What is another term for this plane?

    <p>'Sagittal plane'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which directional term describes being away from the midline, on the other side of?

    <p>Lateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a thin, double-layered membrane that lines the walls of the ventral body cavity and the outer surfaces of organs?

    <p>Serous membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of studying physiology?

    <p>Examining how the body functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does homeostasis involve?

    <p>Maintaining relatively stable internal conditions despite continuous changes in the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the principle of complementarity of structure and function, what does function always reflect?

    <p>The form and structure of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes an effect that affects both sides equally?

    <p>Bilateral symmetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered the Father of Western medicine?

    <p>Hippocrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a condition that arises due to homeostatic imbalance?

    <p>'Heart attack'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What depends on specific form according to the 'principle of complementarity of structure and function'?

    <p>'Function'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we call factors that can change in the body, such as body temperature?

    <p>'Homeostatic variables'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Adaptive nature of our bodies' emphasizes which aspect?

    <p>'Inter-relationship between environment and body’s response'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Anatomy' studies the form and structure of the body, whereas 'Physiology' examines ____________.

    <p>'How the body functions'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Complementarity of Structure and Function' states that function always reflects ____________.

    <p>'Structure'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the space between the parietal and visceral layers of serous membranes?

    <p>Serous cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which directional term describes being away from the body's surface and towards the internal parts?

    <p>Deep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an organ covered by the visceral serosa?

    <p>Heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs much less frequently than negative feedback and reinforces a stimulus to continue moving a variable in the same direction until a climactic event occurs?

    <p>Positive feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of studying anatomy as emphasized in the text?

    <p>Structure of the human body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical study focuses on the study of large, visible structures?

    <p>Gross anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theme of the course emphasizes the inter-relationship between environment and the body's response?

    <p>Adaptive nature of our bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Midsagittal (or median) plane' divides the body into left and right portions. What is another term for this plane?

    <p>'Sagittal plane'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Slices' of the body called sections or planes are exposed by which type of slice?

    <p>'Transverse slice'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Pleurisy' is an inflammation of which serous membrane in the thoracic cavity?

    <p>'Visceral pleura'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physician is considered the Father of Western medicine as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Hippocrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does diabetes serve as an example of as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Homeostatic imbalance</p> Signup and view all the answers

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