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Questions and Answers
What is the literal translation of the word 'anatomy'?
What is the study of how organisms perform their vital functions?
What is the smallest unit of life classified as a living thing?
What is the function of the cell membrane?
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What is the location of the genetic code in the cell?
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What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
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Where does the transcription phase of protein synthesis take place?
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What is the function of the mitochondrion?
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What is the relationship between cells in a larger organism?
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What is the common feature of all cells?
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology
- The term "anatomy" comes from Greek and means "cutting open", referring to the study of internal and external body structures and their relationships.
- Physiology, also from Greek origin, is the study of how organisms perform vital functions.
Human Cell
- The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms, and the smallest unit of life.
- There are millions of different types of cells, including organisms unto themselves (e.g., amoeba and bacteria) and those that function as part of a larger organism (e.g., body cells).
Cell Structure and Function
- The cell has a 'skin' called the plasma membrane, which protects it from the outside environment and regulates the movement of water, nutrients, and wastes.
- The cell nucleus, located at the center of the cell, contains the cell's DNA, which coordinates protein synthesis.
- Organelles inside the cell, such as ribosomes, participate in protein synthesis by translating mRNA into proteins.
- Mitochondria, often referred to as the cell's "power plants", perform many of the cell's energy-producing reactions.
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Description
Learn about the study of internal and external body structures, and how organisms perform their vital functions. Explore the basics of human cells, the building blocks of life.
