16 Questions
What is the primary function of a ribosome in protein synthesis?
To translate mRNA into a protein sequence
What is the term for the sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid?
Codon
What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
To carry amino acids to the ribosome during translation
What is the consequence of misfolded proteins in the cell?
They are either refolded or destroyed by proteasomes
What is the term for the process of copying DNA genetic information onto a molecule of RNA?
Transcription
What is the sequence of events in protein synthesis?
Transcription, translation, and then folding
What is the function of the genetic code?
To specify the order of amino acids in a protein
What is the term for the complete set of genetic instructions for an organism?
Genome
How do the nucleotides of one DNA strand interact with those in the other strand?
Through weak hydrogen bonds
What is the term for the process of protein synthesis on the ribosomes?
Translation
What is the primary function of the ribosome in protein synthesis?
To translate messenger RNA into a specific sequence of amino acids
What is the term for the sequence of three nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid in the genetic code?
Codon
What is the process by which the sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its 3D structure?
Protein folding
What is the relationship between the genetic code and the sequence of amino acids in a protein?
Degenerate
What is the role of the start codon in protein synthesis?
To initiate translation
What is the term for the sequence of amino acids that make up a protein?
Primary structure
Test your understanding of DNA structure, genetic code, and its role in protein synthesis, as well as the connection to cellular level processes in human anatomy and physiology. This quiz covers topics from Chapter 4 of HOLE'S ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY, Fourteenth Edition. Take this quiz to assess your knowledge of the molecular basis of life.
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