Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 4: DNA and Cellular Level

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What is the primary function of a ribosome in protein synthesis?

To regulate the activation of genes for protein synthesis

To replicate DNA prior to cell division

To transcribe DNA into mRNA

To translate mRNA into a protein sequence (correct)

What is the term for the sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid?

Codon (correct)

Anticodon

Gene

Exome

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

To synthesize amino acids

To regulate the expression of genes

To carry mRNA out of the nucleus

To carry amino acids to the ribosome during translation (correct)

What is the consequence of misfolded proteins in the cell?

They are either refolded or destroyed by proteasomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of copying DNA genetic information onto a molecule of RNA?

Transcription Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of events in protein synthesis?

Transcription, translation, and then folding Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the genetic code?

To specify the order of amino acids in a protein Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the complete set of genetic instructions for an organism?

Genome Signup and view all the answers

How do the nucleotides of one DNA strand interact with those in the other strand?

Through weak hydrogen bonds Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of protein synthesis on the ribosomes?

Translation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ribosome in protein synthesis?

To translate messenger RNA into a specific sequence of amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the sequence of three nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid in the genetic code?

Codon Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its 3D structure?

Protein folding Signup and view all the answers

Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 4: DNA and Cellular Level

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a ribosome in protein synthesis?

What is the term for the sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid?

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

What is the consequence of misfolded proteins in the cell?

What is the term for the process of copying DNA genetic information onto a molecule of RNA?

What is the sequence of events in protein synthesis?

What is the function of the genetic code?

What is the term for the complete set of genetic instructions for an organism?

How do the nucleotides of one DNA strand interact with those in the other strand?

What is the term for the process of protein synthesis on the ribosomes?

What is the primary function of the ribosome in protein synthesis?

What is the term for the sequence of three nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid in the genetic code?

What is the process by which the sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its 3D structure?

What is the relationship between the genetic code and the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

What is the role of the start codon in protein synthesis?

What is the term for the sequence of amino acids that make up a protein?

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