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Anatomy and Gastrointestinal System
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Anatomy and Gastrointestinal System

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following directional terms describes a location closer to the point of attachment?

  • Distal
  • Proximal (correct)
  • Medial
  • Lateral
  • Which cavity contains the stomach?

  • Pelvic cavity
  • Thoracic cavity
  • Abdominal cavity (correct)
  • Cranial cavity
  • What is the function of the small intestine?

  • Absorption of nutrients (correct)
  • Mechanical digestion of food
  • Passage of food to the stomach
  • Elimination of waste
  • What is the direction of food movement in the GI tract?

    <p>Oral -&gt; abdominal -&gt; intestinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix '-itis' indicate?

    <p>Inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the large intestine?

    <p>Absorption of water, electrolytes, and vitamins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Anatomy

    Body Regions

    • Anterior (front) and posterior (back)
    • Proximal (near the point of attachment) and distal (far from the point of attachment)
    • Medial (toward the midline) and lateral (away from the midline)
    • Superior (above) and inferior (below)

    Body Cavities

    • Cranial cavity (skull)
    • Thoracic cavity (chest)
    • Abdominal cavity
    • Pelvic cavity

    Gastrointestinal (GI) System

    Gastrointestinal (GI) System

    Organs

    • Mouth (buccal cavity)
      • Functions: mechanical and chemical digestion of food
    • Esophagus
      • Functions: passage of food to stomach
    • Stomach
      • Functions: mechanical and chemical digestion of food
    • Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)
      • Functions: absorption of nutrients
    • Large intestine (colon, rectum, anus)
      • Functions: absorption of water, electrolytes, and vitamins; elimination of waste

    GI Tract Directions

    • Oral (mouth) -> abdominal (stomach) -> intestinal (small and large)

    Suffixes

    • -itis: inflammation (e.g., gastritis - inflammation of the stomach)
    • -oma: tumor (e.g., carcinoma - cancerous tumor)
    • -algia: pain (e.g., gastralgia - stomach pain)
    • -ectomy: surgical removal (e.g., gastrectomy - removal of the stomach)

    Anatomy

    Body Regions

    • Anterior refers to the front of the body
    • Posterior refers to the back of the body
    • Proximal refers to a location near the point of attachment
    • Distal refers to a location far from the point of attachment
    • Medial refers to a location toward the midline of the body
    • Lateral refers to a location away from the midline of the body
    • Superior refers to a location above
    • Inferior refers to a location below

    Body Cavities

    • The cranial cavity is located in the skull
    • The thoracic cavity is located in the chest
    • The abdominal cavity is located in the abdominal region
    • The pelvic cavity is located in the pelvic region

    Gastrointestinal (GI) System

    Organs of the GI System

    • The mouth (buccal cavity) is responsible for mechanical and chemical digestion of food
    • The esophagus enables the passage of food to the stomach
    • The stomach performs mechanical and chemical digestion of food
    • The small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) is responsible for absorption of nutrients
    • The large intestine (colon, rectum, anus) is responsible for absorption of water, electrolytes, and vitamins, as well as elimination of waste

    Directions of the GI Tract

    • The direction of the GI tract is from the oral (mouth) to the abdominal (stomach) and then to the intestinal (small and large)

    Suffixes in GI System Terminology

    • The suffix -itis indicates inflammation
    • The suffix -oma indicates a tumor
    • The suffix -algia indicates pain
    • The suffix -ectomy indicates surgical removal

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of human anatomy, including body regions and cavities, as well as the organs and functions of the gastrointestinal system.

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