Anatomy and Function of Esophagus and Stomach
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of rippling peristalsis in the lower stomach?

  • Activating digestive enzymes
  • Mixing food well (correct)
  • Absorption of nutrients
  • Neutralizing stomach acid

How does the pylorus function in the stomach?

  • Absorbs nutrients
  • Secretes digestive enzymes
  • Stores bile
  • Meters out chyme into the small intestine (correct)

Which substances are primarily absorbed in the small intestine by active transport?

  • Most nutrients (correct)
  • Lipids
  • Water
  • End products of digestion

How are lipids primarily absorbed in the small intestine?

<p>Diffusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Large Intestine?

<p>Elimination of indigestible food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do goblet cells in the large intestine produce?

<p>Mucus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the large intestine sometimes becomes inflamed, leading to appendicitis?

<p>Cecum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major dietary source of cholesterol?

<p>Egg yolk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the sublingual glands located?

<p>Under the tongue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins contain all essential amino acids?

<p>Complete proteins from animal products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of saliva in the digestive process?

<p>To dissolve starches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are most vitamins found in terms of food groups?

<p>Vegetables (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is NOT considered an accessory digestive organ?

<p>Colon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of foods are most mineral-rich?

<p>Vegetables and legumes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which type of metabolism are larger molecules built from smaller ones?

<p><strong>Anabolism</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the pharynx and esophagus?

<p>Serving as passageways to the stomach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During deglutition, where does the buccal phase occur?

<p>Mouth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about peristalsis in the pharyngeal-esophageal phase is correct?

<p>Peristalsis moves the bolus toward the stomach (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the esophagus?

<p>Conducts food by peristalsis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the tongue during deglutition?

<p>Force the bolus into the pharynx (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does food enter the stomach?

<p>Cardiac region (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the cardioesophageal sphincter during deglutition?

<p>It opens when food presses against it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the chemical breakdown of protein in the stomach?

<p>Chyme (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down starch into maltose in the mouth?

<p>Salivary amylase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ branches off from the pharynx?

<p>Esophagus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the internal folds of the stomach mucosa?

<p>Rugae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sphincter does food pass through to enter the small intestine from the stomach?

<p>Pyloric sphincter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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