Anatomy 1: Joints of Clavicle and Scapula
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Questions and Answers

What type of joint is the shoulder joint?

  • Modified saddle synovial joint
  • Polyaxial ball and socket synovial joint (correct)
  • Biaxial ellipsoid synovial joint
  • Hinge synovial joint

The acromioclavicular joint is a hinge synovial joint.

False (B)

Which two joints form the elbow joint?

Trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna; capitulum of humerus and head of radius

The wrist joint is classified as a __________ synovial joint.

<p>biaxial ellipsoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following joints with their respective types:

<p>Acromioclavicular joint = Plane synovial joint Elbow joint = Hinge synovial joint Superior radioulnar joint = Uniaxial pivot synovial joint Wrist joint = Biaxial ellipsoid synovial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is primarily responsible for the abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint?

<p>Supraspinatus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The radial nerve supplies the brachialis muscle.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action does the triceps muscle perform?

<p>Elbow extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ muscle is responsible for flexing the wrist and is innervated by the median nerve.

<p>Flexor carpi radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following muscles with their respective nerve supplies:

<p>Levator scapulae = Dorsal scapular nerve Rhomboideus minor = Dorsal scapular nerve Trapezius = Accessory nerve Latissimus dorsi = Thoracodorsal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is responsible for medial rotation of the arm?

<p>Teres major (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The flexor digitorum profundus muscle has dual nerve supply from the median and ulnar nerves.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the muscle responsible for extending the wrist and fingers.

<p>Extensor digitorum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which joint type is the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb?

<p>Biaxial saddle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The medial epicondyle is known as the common extension origin.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the muscle that is attached to the greater tuberosity of the humerus and is primarily responsible for shoulder abduction.

<p>Supraspinatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ is the muscle attached to the bicipital groove that is located on the lateral lip.

<p>Pectoralis major</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following muscles to their respective attachment sites.

<p>Infraspinatus = Greater tuberosity of the humerus Biceps brachii = Radial tuberosity Teres major = Medial lip of bicipital groove Brachialis = Ulnar tuberosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is NOT attached to the lateral epicondyle?

<p>Flexor carpi radialis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The interphalangeal joint is classified as a uniaxial hinge joint.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ is the flat bone that is the posterior bone of the shoulder girdle.

<p>Scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the Ulnar Notch?

Also known as the medial epicondyle of the humerus, the ulnar notch is a U-shaped depression on the proximal ulna that articulates with the trochlea of the humerus. It is important for stabilizing and rotating the elbow joint.

Carpometacarpal joint of thumb

This is a biaxial joint, allowing movement in two planes, like a thumb saddle.

Interphalangeal joint

The interphalangeal joint is a uniaxial hinge joint, like the door hinge. It only allows movement in one plane.

What is the Radial Styloid Process?

The radial styloid process is a projection on the lateral side of the distal radius. It serves as a point of attachment for ligaments that help to stabilize the wrist joint. This process extends downwards towards the thumb side of the wrist.

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Metacarpophalangeal joint

This is a biaxial ellipsoid joint, allowing movement in two planes, like a ball and socket joint.

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What is the Pronator Tuberosity?

The pronator tuberosity is a roughened area on the lateral side of the proximal radius, providing attachment to the pronator teres muscle, responsible for helping to pronate the forearm.

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Supraspinatus muscle

The supraspinatus is a muscle attached to the greater tuberosity of the humerus and helps in shoulder abduction.

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What is the Olecranon?

The olecranon is a large, bony prominence on the proximal ulna. It forms the tip of the elbow and serves as a point of attachment for several muscles involved in elbow extension and flexion.

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Subscapularis muscle

This is one of the four muscles that make up the rotator cuff, attached at the lesser tuberosity of the humerus. Its function is to rotate the shoulder medially.

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What is the Tuberosity of the Ulna?

The tuberosity of the ulna is a roughened area located just below the olecranon. It provides attachment for the brachialis muscle, which helps to flex the elbow.

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What is the Ulnar Styloid Process?

The ulnar styloid process is a pointed projection on the medial side of the distal ulna, providing an attachment point for ligaments that stabilize the wrist joint. It extends downwards towards the pinkie finger side of the wrist.

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Biceps brachii muscle

The biceps brachii is a muscle attached to the radial tuberosity. It helps in flexing the elbow and supinating the forearm.

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Brachialis muscle

Brachialis is the muscle attached to the ulnar tuberosity. It helps in flexing the elbow.

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What is the Coronoid Process?

The coronoid process is a beak-shaped projection located on the anterior side of the proximal ulna, playing a crucial role in the articulation of the ulna and the humerus in the elbow joint.

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Muscles attached to the medial epicondyle

These muscles originate from the medial epicondyle and are responsible for flexion of the wrist and fingers.

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What is the Trochlear Notch?

The trochlear notch is a curved, concave surface on the proximal ulna that articulates with the trochlea of the humerus. It is essential for allowing movement and stability of the elbow joint.

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Acromioclavicular Joint

A plane synovial joint between the acromial end of the clavicle and the medial margin of the acromion.

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Sternoclavicular Joint

A modified saddle synovial joint, connecting the clavicular notch of the manubrium sterni, first costal cartilage, and the sternal end of the clavicle.

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Shoulder Joint

A polyaxial ball and socket synovial joint formed by the humerus head articulating with the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

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Elbow Joint

A hinge synovial joint where the trochlea of the humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna, and the capitulum articulates with the head of the radius.

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Superior Radioulnar Joint

A uniaxial pivot synovial joint formed between the circumference of the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna.

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Study Notes

Practical and Oral Revision Anatomy 1

  • The presentation was given by Dr. Mogeda Mahdy, a professor of Anatomy & Embryology at Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University.

Joints of the Clavicle

  • 1-Acromioclavicular joint: A plane synovial joint located between the acromial end of the clavicle and the medial margin of the acromion.
  • 2-Sternoclavicular joint: A modified saddle synovial joint situated between the clavicular notch of the manubrium sterni and the first costal cartilage, and the sternal (medial) end of the clavicle.

Joints of the Scapula

  • 1-Acromioclavicular joint: A plane synovial joint.
  • 2-Shoulder joint: A polyaxial ball and socket synovial joint located between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

Joints of the Humerus

  • 1-Shoulder joint: A polyaxial ball and socket synovial joint.
  • 2-Elbow joint: A hinge synovial joint. The trochlea articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna, and the capitulum articulates with the superior surface of the head of the radius.

Joints of the Radius

  • 1-Elbow joint: A hinge synovial joint.
  • 2-Superior radioulnar joint: A uniaxial pivot synovial joint between the circumference of the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna.
  • 3-Inferior radioulnar joint: A uniaxial pivot synovial joint. The head of the ulna articulates with the ulnar notch of the radius.
  • 4-Wrist joint: A biaxial ellipsoid synovial joint. Located between the inferior surface of the lower end of the radius and the carpal bones (scaphoid and lunate).

Joints of the Ulna

  • 1-Elbow joint: A uniaxial hinge synovial joint.
  • 2-Superior radioulnar joint: A uniaxial pivot synovial joint between the circumference of the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna.
  • 3-Inferior radioulnar joint: A uniaxial pivot synovial joint. The head of the ulna articulates with the ulnar notch of the radius.

Joints of the Hand

  • 1-Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb: A biaxial saddle joint.
  • 2-Metacarpophalangeal joint: A biaxial ellipsoid joint.
  • 3-Interphalangeal joint: A uniaxial hinge joint.

Muscles Attached to the Humerus

  • Greater tuberosity: Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor.
  • Lesser tuberosity: Subscapularis
  • Bicipital groove: Pectoralis major (lateral lip), Teres major, Latissimus dorsi (floor)
  • Radial tuberosity: Biceps brachii
  • Ulnar tuberosity: Brachialis

Muscles Attached to the Medial Epicondyle

  • Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis, Palmaris longus, Flexor digitorium superficialis.

Muscles Attached to the Lateral Epicondyle

  • Extensor carpi radials brevis, Extensor digitorium, Extensor digiti minimi, Extensor carpi ulnaris.

Clavicle (Bone)

  • Type: Long bone
  • Site: Anterior bone of the shoulder girdle

Scapula (Bone)

  • Type: Flat bone
  • Site: Posterior bone of the shoulder girdle

Humerus (Bone)

  • Type: Long bone
  • Site: Bone of the arm

Radius (Bone)

  • Type: Long bone
  • Site: Lateral bone of the forearm

Ulna (Bone)

  • Type: Long bone
  • Site: Medial bone of the forearm

Hand Bones

  • Carpals: Wrist bones
  • Metacarpals: Bones of the palm
  • Phalanges: Finger bones

Additional Muscle Information (Pages 15-25)

  • These pages detail various muscles, their nerve supply, and actions, specific to the upper body. Individual muscle names are present on these slides, but broad categorization is not easily summarized into points. Consult the specific pages for detailed information.

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Practical and Oral Anatomy 1 Revision 2025 PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the anatomy of joints including the acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and shoulder joints. This quiz covers essential details about synovial joints and their locations in the body. Perfect for medical students or anyone interested in human anatomy.

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