Anatomie du chien - Système Musculosquelettique

Anatomie du chien - Système Musculosquelettique

• The canine skeletal system is composed of bones, cartilage, and ligaments, providing support and structure.
• The dog's skeletal system is adapted for running, jumping, and other activities.
• Bones are divided into axial skeleton (skull, vertebrae, ribs) and appendicular skeleton (limbs).
• Muscles are responsible for movement, and are attached to bones via tendons.
• Muscles are of various shapes and sizes, tailored for specific functions within the body.
• Joints are points where two or more bones meet, allowing for movement and flexibility.
• Joints contain cartilage and synovial fluid, which cushion and lubricate the joint.
• Ligaments connect bones to bones, while tendons connect muscles to bones.
• Examples of bones include the femur, humerus, tibia, and various vertebrae.
• Muscles include the quadriceps, pectorals, and gastrocnemius.
• Healthy musculoskeletal systems are crucial for proper posture and movement in dogs.

Anatomie du chien - Système Circulatoire

• The canine circulatory system is a closed system of blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries).
• The heart is a muscular pump that circulates blood throughout the body.
• The heart rate varies based on the dog's activity level and overall health.
• Blood transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body.
• Blood also removes waste products like carbon dioxide.
• Arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.
• Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
• Capillaries facilitate the exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues.
• Blood consists of red blood cells (transport oxygen), white blood cells (fight infection), and platelets (blood clotting).
• The cardiovascular system plays a vital role in delivering essential substances and removing waste materials in dogs.

Anatomie du chien - Anatomie Des Membres

• Dog limbs are adapted for various locomotion styles (walking, running, jumping).
• Forelimbs include the humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges (digits).
• Hindlimbs include the femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges (digits).
• Muscles in the limbs are crucial for movement and support, demonstrating specialization for particular functions.
• Joints in the limbs are designed for flexibility and stability during locomotion.
• Ligaments and tendons in the limbs provide support and allow for specific range of motion.

Anatomie du chien - Anatomie Interne

• Internal organs of the dog include the lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, and stomach.
• Each organ serves specific functions relating to respiration, circulation, digestion, excretion, and more.
• The location and precise arrangement of these internal organs vary according to the dog breeds
• The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange, breathing in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide.
• The digestive system breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates waste.
• The excretory system filters waste products from the blood and eliminates them from the body.
• The nervous system controls bodily functions, and this can be broadly divided.

Anatomie du chien - Système Nerveux

• The canine nervous system is a complex network of nerves for receiving and transmitting information around the body.
• The brain and spinal cord are central components, processing and coordinating information.
• The brain is responsible for higher-level functions, such as thought processes, learning, and memory.
• The spinal cord connects the brain to the rest of the body and relays nerve impulses.
• Peripheral nerves carry signals to and from various parts of the body.
• Sensory neurons transmit external stimuli, while motor neurons control movement and other actions.
• The nervous system is involved in regulating almost all bodily functions.
• Sensory organs like the eyes, ears, and nose are extensions of the nervous system, allowing dogs to interact with the environment.
• The nervous system's effectiveness in dogs ensures smooth bodily operations and appropriate responses to stimuli.