Anatomical Terms Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which bones are classified as part of the axial skeleton?

Ribs and pelvic girdle

Humerus and femur

Clavicle and scapula

Skull and vertebral column (correct)

What is the main function of the vertebral column?

Protect the heart and lungs

Assist with blood circulation

Support the skull

Protect the spinal cord and support the body (correct)

Which bones are considered part of the appendicular skeleton?

Clavicle and scapula (correct)

Skull and vertebral column

Coccyx and sacrum

Ribs and sternum

What type of ribs are directly attached to the sternum?

True ribs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the femur?

To connect the knee to the pelvis Signup and view all the answers

Which diagram represents the division of the human body into anterior and posterior sections?

Frontal plane Signup and view all the answers

In anatomical terminology, which term indicates a structure located towards the back of the body?

Posterior Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones is part of the lower limb?

Tibia Signup and view all the answers

Which bones make up the shoulder girdle?

Clavicle and Scapula Signup and view all the answers

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts?

Frontal (Coronal) Plane Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the transverse plane in anatomy?

To separate the body into upper and lower parts Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the bones found in the fingers?

Phalanges Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a structure that is located further from the midline of the body?

Lateral Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'proximal' refer to in anatomical terminology?

Closer to the point of attachment Signup and view all the answers

Which system is primarily responsible for gas exchange within the body?

Respiratory System Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

Providing support and protection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the axial skeleton?

Humerus Signup and view all the answers

How many lumbar vertebrae are there in the human body?

5 Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a structure that is near the tail?

Caudal Signup and view all the answers

Which system plays a key role in eliminating waste products from the blood?

Urinary System Signup and view all the answers

What part of the vertebral column is located in the neck region?

Cervical Vertebrae Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anatomical Terms

Proximal describes a structure's location closer to the origin of a limb or a point of attachment.
Distal describes a structure's location further from the origin of a limb or a point of attachment.
Anterior (Ventral) refers to structures toward the front of the body.
Posterior (Dorsal) refers to structures toward the back of the body.
Cranial refers to structures near the head.
Caudal refers to structures near the tail.
Medial describes a structure's position near the midline of the body.
Lateral describes a structure's position away from the midline of the body.
Superior refers to structures above or higher than another structure.
Inferior refers to structures below or lower than another structure.
Superficial describes a structure's location close to the surface of the body.
Deep describes a structure's location away from the surface of the body, more internal.
Palmar refers to the palm side of the hand.
Dorsal refers to the back of the hand or the top of the foot.
Plantar refers to the sole of the foot.
Ipsilateral refers to structures on the same side of the body.
Contralateral refers to structures on the opposite side of the body.

Body Systems

Skeletal System: Provides support, protection, and allows movement.
Cardiovascular System: Transports blood throughout the body, carrying oxygen, nutrients, and removing waste products.
Muscular System: Allows movement, supports the skeletal system, and generates heat.
Digestive System: Breaks down and absorbs food.
Respiratory System: Exchanges gases between the body and the environment.
Urinary System: Eliminates waste products from the blood and regulates fluid balance.
Genital System: Responsible for reproduction.
Lymphatic System: Defends the body against infection and disease.
Nervous System: Controls and coordinates the body's functions.

Skeletal System

Axial Skeleton: Consists of the bones forming the central axis of the body.
- Skull: Encloses the brain (cranium) and shapes the face (facial bones).
- Vertebral Column: Series of bones called vertebrae.
  - Cervical Vertebrae (7): Neck region.
  - Thoracic Vertebrae (12): Chest region.
  - Lumbar Vertebrae (5): Lower back region.
  - Sacral Vertebrae (5): Fused to form the sacrum.
  - Coccyx (4): Tailbone.
- Ribs: 12 pairs attached to the thoracic vertebrae.
- Sternum: The breastbone connecting to the ribs.
Appendicular Skeleton: Consists of limb bones.
- Shoulder Girdle: Clavicle (collarbone) and scapula (shoulder blade).
- Upper limb:
  - Humerus: Upper arm bone.
  - Radius: Forearm bone on the thumb side.
  - Ulna: Forearm bone on the pinky side.
  - Carpus: Wrist bones (8).
  - Metacarpals: Palm bones (5).
  - Phalanges: Finger bones (14).
- Pelvic Girdle: Comprised of hip bones.
- Lower Limb:
  - Femur: Thigh bone.
  - Patella: Kneecap.
  - Tibia: Larger lower leg bone.
  - Fibula: Smaller lower leg bone.
  - Tarsals: Ankle bones (7).
  - Metatarsals: Foot bones (5).
  - Phalanges: Toe bones (14).

Planes and Sections

Plane: An imaginary flat surface passing through the body.
Section: One of the two surfaces resulting from a plane intersecting the body.
Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into right and left parts.
- Midsagittal (Median Plane): Divides the body into two equal halves.
Frontal (Coronal Plane): Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
Transverse Plane (Cross Section or Horizontal Section): Divides the body into upper and lower parts.

Images of the Human Body

Images depict the human figure with different organ systems highlighted.
Systems illustrated include: Integumentary, Skeletal, Circulatory, Digestive, Respiratory, Urinary, Reproductive, Nervous, Muscular, Endocrine, and Lymphatic systems.

Images of Skeletal System

Images show anterior and posterior views of the human skeleton with bone labels.
Images illustrate the axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum).
Images show the appendicular skeleton (limbs and girdles).

Diagrams of Planes and Sections

Diagrams illustrate the three planes of section: sagittal, frontal, and transverse.
Diagrams show the planes bisecting the human body and resulting sections.

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Description

Test your understanding of important anatomical terms related to body orientation and positions. This quiz covers terms like proximal, distal, anterior, and more. Perfect for students in anatomy or related fields!