Anatomical Terms Quiz

The process of moving air in and out of the lungs. It involves the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, which change the volume of the chest cavity.

A strong, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. It has four chambers (right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle) and valves that prevent backflow.

Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. The exception is the pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

Part of the circulatory system that carries blood back to the heart. They contain deoxygenated blood, except for the pulmonary veins. They carry the blood to the heart.

A closed system that circulates blood throughout the body. It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

These are the points on the body where you can feel an artery beating against a bone. They are used to check a person's pulse.

Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. They contain hemoglobin, which gives blood its red color.

White blood cells are the body's defense system. They protect us from infections by fighting off bacteria, viruses, and other harmful invaders.

Platelets are essential for blood clotting. They help stop bleeding by forming a sticky plug at the site of an injury.

Plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries dissolved substances like carbon dioxide and a tiny amount of oxygen. It also contains proteins that help the blood clot.

The process of exchange of gases between the blood and the body's cells happens through tiny blood vessels called capillaries. In the lungs, oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide exits, while in the rest of the body, the opposite occurs.

The pressure in your arteries when your heart is contracting is called systolic blood pressure. When your heart is at rest, the pressure is called diastolic blood pressure.

The nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is made up of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS includes all the nerves that branch out from the CNS to the rest of the body.

The position of the body standing erect with arms at the sides, palms facing forward, and feet slightly apart.

Lying on the back with the face upward.

Lying on the abdomen with the face turned to the side.

A position where the person is lying on their side with their top leg bent at the hip and knee.

Sitting upright at a 45-60 degree angle.

Sitting upright at an angle less than 45 degrees.

Lying on the back with the legs slightly elevated.

A vertical plane that divides the body into left and right sections.

A sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves.

A horizontal plane that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections.

A vertical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.

A vertical line that runs from the armpit to the ankle, separating the body into anterior and posterior sections.

A vertical line that runs from the center of the clavicle (collarbone) down to the anterior thorax.

Closer to the point of attachment or origin.

Farther from the point of attachment or origin.

The part of the brainstem that controls vital functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood vessel diameter.

The nervous system branch responsible for voluntary movement of skeletal muscles.

The branch of the nervous system responsible for involuntary functions like heart rate, digestion, and breathing.

The 'fight or flight' response, triggered by stress or danger.

The 'rest and digest' response, responsible for relaxation and calming the body.

A group of nerves that play a crucial role in maintaining consciousness.

Chemical messengers produced by glands that regulate various bodily functions.

The master gland of the endocrine system, responsible for controlling other glands.

The outer layer of skin, responsible for protection and melanin production.

The middle layer of skin, containing structures like sweat glands, hair follicles, and blood vessels.