Questions and Answers
What are analgesics primarily designed to do?
Which of the following is a classification of analgesics?
Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect of NSAIDs?
What mechanism do non-selective COX inhibitors use to relieve pain?
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Which of the following is a selective COX-2 inhibitor?
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Which condition is NOT indicated for the use of NSAIDs?
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What is a common drug-drug interaction involving NSAIDs?
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How is acetaminophen often categorized in relation to NSAIDs?
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Study Notes
Analgesics Overview
- Analgesics are medications that relieve pain without inducing loss of consciousness.
- They function through multiple mechanisms to reduce or block pain sensations.
Classification of Analgesics
- Non-opioid analgesics: Include NSAIDs and acetaminophen (paracetamol).
- Opioid analgesics: Another class not detailed in this segment.
- Adjuvant analgesics: Additional supportive medications included but not elaborated here.
Non-opioid Analgesics
- Primarily composed of NSAIDs and acetaminophen.
NSAIDs
- Used to manage pain, fever, and inflammation.
Classification of NSAIDs:
-
Non-selective COX inhibitors:
- Include aspirin, diclofenac, etodolac, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketoprofen, ketorolac, mefenamic acid, meloxicam, and naproxen.
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Selective COX-2 inhibitors:
- Celecoxib and etoricoxib.
Mechanism of Action:
- NSAIDs work by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis through non-selective inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, decreasing inflammation and pain.
Indications for NSAIDs:
- Effective for muscle pain, dysmenorrhea, arthritis, fever, gout, and migraine relief.
Adverse Effects:
- Possible side effects include gastrointestinal ulcers, peripheral edema, myocardial infarction, gastrointestinal bleeding, and bronchoconstriction.
Contraindications:
- Should be avoided in individuals with NSAID hypersensitivity, urticaria, asthma, recent CABG surgery, and during the third trimester of pregnancy.
Drug-Drug Interactions:
- Potential interactions with ACE inhibitors, ARBs, anticoagulants, and corticosteroids.
Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)
- An over-the-counter drug used for pain relief (analgesic) and fever reduction (antipyretic).
Mechanism of Action:
- The precise mechanism remains unclear, but it inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) pathways, similar to NSAIDs.
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Description
Test your knowledge on analgesics with this quiz focused on their classification and mechanisms. Learn about non-opioid, opioid, and adjuvant analgesics while reinforcing your understanding of pain management. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals alike!
