Anaesthesia of Patients with Respiratory Disease
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why holding a mask on a dog during anaesthesia can exacerbate stress?

  • It increases the oxygen level in the animal's body
  • It emits loud noises that scare the animal
  • It restricts the animal's breathing (correct)
  • It causes dizziness in the animal

Which type of drug is preferred over heavy sedation in anaesthetizing animals with respiratory disease?

  • General anaesthetic (correct)
  • Mild tranquilizer
  • Only induction agents
  • Respiratory stimulant

What effect does sedation have on an animal's anxiety and stress levels before anaesthesia?

  • Reduces anxiety and stress (correct)
  • Has no effect on stress levels
  • Increases anxiety
  • Only reduces stress levels

Which part of the brain plays a major role in controlling breathing?

<p>Medulla (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do chemoreceptors contribute to the control of breathing in animals?

<p>By sensing changes in blood oxygen levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used to make an animal more interested in an anaesthesia mask during sedation?

<p>Adding smelly substances to the mask (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does oxygen have on animals during anaesthesia?

<p>Improves breathing efficiency during anaesthesia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does sedation affect the volume of air that an animal breathes?

<p>Reduces the amount of air breathed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If ETCO2 drops below 20mmHg, what could be a potential cause?

<p>Hypoventilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked if ETCO2 is greater than 60mmHg?

<p>Poor body positioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is using a laryngoscope mentioned during the induction of anesthesia?

<p>To assess the airway (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if ETCO2 is above 60mmHg?

<p>Check for airway obstruction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if inspired CO2 is greater than 5mmHg?

<p>Ensure adequate O2 flow rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is monitoring blood pressure mentioned during anesthesia maintenance?

<p>To monitor cardiovascular function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using a capnograph during ventilation assistance?

<p>To judge ventilation through CO2 levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might lidocaine be sprayed on a cat's larynx during the induction of anesthesia?

<p>To prevent laryngospasms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for generating ATP in cells?

<p>Mitochondrial function and oxygen delivery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines oxygen delivery to the capillary bed?

<p>Cardiac output (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for haemoglobin to bind oxygen properly?

<p>Level of haemoglobin and saturation level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which monitoring tool is highlighted as the first thing that changes during cardiac arrest?

<p>Capnograph (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken to redistribute surfactant across lung tissue?

<p>Sighs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the top tip given for anesthesia success in a patient with respiratory distress?

<p>Reduce stress and anxiety (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is close monitoring during recovery emphasized for respiratory cases?

<p>Respiratory cases decompensate quickly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to avoid barotrauma during ventilatory support?

<p>Good physiological breaths (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be administered to reduce nausea and regurgitation in patients?

<p>Omeprazole and metoclopramide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug protocol is recommended for a sicker ASA 3-4 patient during premedication (dog)?

<p>Low dose dexmedetomidine or acepromazine or benzodiazepines + Methadone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential consideration for premedication in brachycephalic dogs with ASA 2-3?

<p>Avoiding NSAIDs or paracetamol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common protocol for premedication in a sicker ASA 3-4 dog?

<p>Low dose dexmedetomidine with benzodiazepines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for administering omeprazole during premedication in certain patients?

<p>To prevent regurgitation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is NOT typically recommended for premedication in cats?

<p>Alfaxalone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should ketamine be administered cautiously during premedication in cats?

<p>To avoid respiratory depression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In premedication, what is the purpose of administering metoclopramide to patients?

<p>To prevent nausea and regurgitation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the administration of oxygen emphasized during premedication in both dogs and cats?

<p>To support cardiovascular function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is commonly used to reduce decongested nares in dogs during premedication?

<p>Terbutaline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible reason for selecting benzodiazepines as part of the premedication protocol for sicker ASA 3-4 dogs?

<p>Reduce anxiety (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to give methadone or butorphanol before an anesthetic procedure in cats?

<p>For analgesia purposes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the drug options for premedication in brachycephalic dogs with ASA 2-3?

<p>Opioid alone or low dose dexmedetomidine, ACP, or Benzodiazepines + Methadone (or butorphanol if no painful procedure planned)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drug options are recommended for premedication in cats?

<p>Opioid alone, Dexmedetomidine OR acepromazine OR benzodiazepine AND Methadone, Alfaxalone and Midazolam AND opioid (methadone or butorphanol), Ketamine and Midazolam</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of administering omeprazole during premedication in certain patients?

<p>To reduce regurgitation and nausea</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is methadone or butorphanol recommended before anesthetic procedures in cats?

<p>To manage pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the administration of oxygen emphasized during premedication in both dogs and cats?

<p>To ensure proper oxygenation and avoid complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key reason for selecting benzodiazepines as part of the premedication protocol for sicker ASA 3-4 dogs?

<p>To provide sedation and reduce anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medications can be administered to reduce nausea and regurgitation in patients?

<p>Omeprazole, metoclopramide, maropitant</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is close monitoring during recovery emphasized for respiratory cases?

<p>To detect and manage respiratory complications promptly</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for administering oxygen during premedication in both dogs and cats?

<p>To support oxygen delivery and tissue perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for administering omeprazole during premedication in certain patients?

<p>To reduce the risk of regurgitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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