Anaesthesia of Patients with Respiratory Disease
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why holding a mask on a dog during anaesthesia can exacerbate stress?

  • It increases the oxygen level in the animal's body
  • It emits loud noises that scare the animal
  • It restricts the animal's breathing (correct)
  • It causes dizziness in the animal

    • Which type of drug is preferred over heavy sedation in anaesthetizing animals with respiratory disease?

  • General anaesthetic (correct)
  • Mild tranquilizer
  • Only induction agents
  • Respiratory stimulant

    • What effect does sedation have on an animal's anxiety and stress levels before anaesthesia?

  • Reduces anxiety and stress (correct)
  • Has no effect on stress levels
  • Increases anxiety
  • Only reduces stress levels

    • Which part of the brain plays a major role in controlling breathing?

    <p>Medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do chemoreceptors contribute to the control of breathing in animals?

    <p>By sensing changes in blood oxygen levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method can be used to make an animal more interested in an anaesthesia mask during sedation?

    <p>Adding smelly substances to the mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does oxygen have on animals during anaesthesia?

    <p>Improves breathing efficiency during anaesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does sedation affect the volume of air that an animal breathes?

    <p>Reduces the amount of air breathed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If ETCO2 drops below 20mmHg, what could be a potential cause?

    <p>Hypoventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked if ETCO2 is greater than 60mmHg?

    <p>Poor body positioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is using a laryngoscope mentioned during the induction of anesthesia?

    <p>To assess the airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if ETCO2 is above 60mmHg?

    <p>Check for airway obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken if inspired CO2 is greater than 5mmHg?

    <p>Ensure adequate O2 flow rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is monitoring blood pressure mentioned during anesthesia maintenance?

    <p>To monitor cardiovascular function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using a capnograph during ventilation assistance?

    <p>To judge ventilation through CO2 levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might lidocaine be sprayed on a cat's larynx during the induction of anesthesia?

    <p>To prevent laryngospasms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for generating ATP in cells?

    <p>Mitochondrial function and oxygen delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor determines oxygen delivery to the capillary bed?

    <p>Cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for haemoglobin to bind oxygen properly?

    <p>Level of haemoglobin and saturation level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which monitoring tool is highlighted as the first thing that changes during cardiac arrest?

    <p>Capnograph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken to redistribute surfactant across lung tissue?

    <p>Sighs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the top tip given for anesthesia success in a patient with respiratory distress?

    <p>Reduce stress and anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is close monitoring during recovery emphasized for respiratory cases?

    <p>Respiratory cases decompensate quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended to avoid barotrauma during ventilatory support?

    <p>Good physiological breaths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be administered to reduce nausea and regurgitation in patients?

    <p>Omeprazole and metoclopramide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug protocol is recommended for a sicker ASA 3-4 patient during premedication (dog)?

    <p>Low dose dexmedetomidine or acepromazine or benzodiazepines + Methadone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential consideration for premedication in brachycephalic dogs with ASA 2-3?

    <p>Avoiding NSAIDs or paracetamol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common protocol for premedication in a sicker ASA 3-4 dog?

    <p>Low dose dexmedetomidine with benzodiazepines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for administering omeprazole during premedication in certain patients?

    <p>To prevent regurgitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is NOT typically recommended for premedication in cats?

    <p>Alfaxalone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should ketamine be administered cautiously during premedication in cats?

    <p>To avoid respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In premedication, what is the purpose of administering metoclopramide to patients?

    <p>To prevent nausea and regurgitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the administration of oxygen emphasized during premedication in both dogs and cats?

    <p>To support cardiovascular function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is commonly used to reduce decongested nares in dogs during premedication?

    <p>Terbutaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible reason for selecting benzodiazepines as part of the premedication protocol for sicker ASA 3-4 dogs?

    <p>Reduce anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to give methadone or butorphanol before an anesthetic procedure in cats?

    <p>For analgesia purposes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the drug options for premedication in brachycephalic dogs with ASA 2-3?

    <p>Opioid alone or low dose dexmedetomidine, ACP, or Benzodiazepines + Methadone (or butorphanol if no painful procedure planned)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drug options are recommended for premedication in cats?

    <p>Opioid alone, Dexmedetomidine OR acepromazine OR benzodiazepine AND Methadone, Alfaxalone and Midazolam AND opioid (methadone or butorphanol), Ketamine and Midazolam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of administering omeprazole during premedication in certain patients?

    <p>To reduce regurgitation and nausea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is methadone or butorphanol recommended before anesthetic procedures in cats?

    <p>To manage pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the administration of oxygen emphasized during premedication in both dogs and cats?

    <p>To ensure proper oxygenation and avoid complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key reason for selecting benzodiazepines as part of the premedication protocol for sicker ASA 3-4 dogs?

    <p>To provide sedation and reduce anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medications can be administered to reduce nausea and regurgitation in patients?

    <p>Omeprazole, metoclopramide, maropitant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is close monitoring during recovery emphasized for respiratory cases?

    <p>To detect and manage respiratory complications promptly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for administering oxygen during premedication in both dogs and cats?

    <p>To support oxygen delivery and tissue perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for administering omeprazole during premedication in certain patients?

    <p>To reduce the risk of regurgitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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