46 Questions
What is the main reason why holding a mask on a dog during anaesthesia can exacerbate stress?
It restricts the animal's breathing
Which type of drug is preferred over heavy sedation in anaesthetizing animals with respiratory disease?
General anaesthetic
What effect does sedation have on an animal's anxiety and stress levels before anaesthesia?
Reduces anxiety and stress
Which part of the brain plays a major role in controlling breathing?
Medulla
How do chemoreceptors contribute to the control of breathing in animals?
By sensing changes in blood oxygen levels
Which method can be used to make an animal more interested in an anaesthesia mask during sedation?
Adding smelly substances to the mask
What effect does oxygen have on animals during anaesthesia?
Improves breathing efficiency during anaesthesia
How does sedation affect the volume of air that an animal breathes?
Reduces the amount of air breathed
If ETCO2 drops below 20mmHg, what could be a potential cause?
Hypoventilation
What should be checked if ETCO2 is greater than 60mmHg?
Poor body positioning
Why is using a laryngoscope mentioned during the induction of anesthesia?
To assess the airway
What should be done if ETCO2 is above 60mmHg?
Check for airway obstruction
What action should be taken if inspired CO2 is greater than 5mmHg?
Ensure adequate O2 flow rate
Why is monitoring blood pressure mentioned during anesthesia maintenance?
To monitor cardiovascular function
What is the primary purpose of using a capnograph during ventilation assistance?
To judge ventilation through CO2 levels
Why might lidocaine be sprayed on a cat's larynx during the induction of anesthesia?
To prevent laryngospasms
What is essential for generating ATP in cells?
Mitochondrial function and oxygen delivery
Which factor determines oxygen delivery to the capillary bed?
Cardiac output
What is necessary for haemoglobin to bind oxygen properly?
Level of haemoglobin and saturation level
Which monitoring tool is highlighted as the first thing that changes during cardiac arrest?
Capnograph
What action should be taken to redistribute surfactant across lung tissue?
Sighs
What is the top tip given for anesthesia success in a patient with respiratory distress?
Reduce stress and anxiety
Why is close monitoring during recovery emphasized for respiratory cases?
Respiratory cases decompensate quickly
What is recommended to avoid barotrauma during ventilatory support?
Good physiological breaths
What can be administered to reduce nausea and regurgitation in patients?
Omeprazole and metoclopramide
Which drug protocol is recommended for a sicker ASA 3-4 patient during premedication (dog)?
Low dose dexmedetomidine or acepromazine or benzodiazepines + Methadone
What is an essential consideration for premedication in brachycephalic dogs with ASA 2-3?
Avoiding NSAIDs or paracetamol
What is a common protocol for premedication in a sicker ASA 3-4 dog?
Low dose dexmedetomidine with benzodiazepines
What is the primary reason for administering omeprazole during premedication in certain patients?
To prevent regurgitation
Which medication is NOT typically recommended for premedication in cats?
Alfaxalone
Why should ketamine be administered cautiously during premedication in cats?
To avoid respiratory depression
In premedication, what is the purpose of administering metoclopramide to patients?
To prevent nausea and regurgitation
Why is the administration of oxygen emphasized during premedication in both dogs and cats?
To support cardiovascular function
Which medication is commonly used to reduce decongested nares in dogs during premedication?
Terbutaline
What is a possible reason for selecting benzodiazepines as part of the premedication protocol for sicker ASA 3-4 dogs?
Reduce anxiety
Why is it important to give methadone or butorphanol before an anesthetic procedure in cats?
For analgesia purposes
What are the drug options for premedication in brachycephalic dogs with ASA 2-3?
Opioid alone or low dose dexmedetomidine, ACP, or Benzodiazepines + Methadone (or butorphanol if no painful procedure planned)
What drug options are recommended for premedication in cats?
Opioid alone, Dexmedetomidine OR acepromazine OR benzodiazepine AND Methadone, Alfaxalone and Midazolam AND opioid (methadone or butorphanol), Ketamine and Midazolam
What is the purpose of administering omeprazole during premedication in certain patients?
To reduce regurgitation and nausea
Why is methadone or butorphanol recommended before anesthetic procedures in cats?
To manage pain
Why is the administration of oxygen emphasized during premedication in both dogs and cats?
To ensure proper oxygenation and avoid complications
What is the key reason for selecting benzodiazepines as part of the premedication protocol for sicker ASA 3-4 dogs?
To provide sedation and reduce anxiety
What medications can be administered to reduce nausea and regurgitation in patients?
Omeprazole, metoclopramide, maropitant
Why is close monitoring during recovery emphasized for respiratory cases?
To detect and manage respiratory complications promptly
What is the primary reason for administering oxygen during premedication in both dogs and cats?
To support oxygen delivery and tissue perfusion
What is the main reason for administering omeprazole during premedication in certain patients?
To reduce the risk of regurgitation
Learn about the approach to anaesthetizing patients with respiratory diseases. Discover how to manage cases without a definitive diagnosis, and the importance of oxygen therapy. Explore the impact of sedatives and anaesthetics on respiratory conditions.
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