18 Questions
What is another term for lipid anabolism?
Lipogenesis
What are the products formed when glycerol binds with fatty acids?
Mono-/di-/tri-glycerides
Which site is the major site for purine nucleotide synthesis?
Liver
What are nucleosides?
Derivatives of purines and pyrimidines with a sugar linked to a ring nitrogen
What is the catalyst for the initial reaction in the biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides?
Cytosolic carbamoyl phosphate synthase II
Define nucleotides.
Nucleosides with a phosphoryl group esterified to a hydroxyl group of the sugar
What is the function of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) in pyrimidine biosynthesis?
Acts as a cofactor for uridine monophosphate synthetase (UMPS)
What do NADH and FADH2 produced during B-oxidation and fatty acid synthesis contribute to?
Used by the electron transport chain to form ATP
What are purines and pyrimidines?
Nitrogen-containing heterocycles
Which type of leukocytes cannot produce purines?
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
What is essential for the synthesis of purine nucleotides?
Folic acid
What is the process involved in nucleotides biosynthesis where synthesis occurs from amphibolic intermediates?
Synthesis de novo
What is the process by which fatty acids are converted to CoA thioesters?
Acyl-CoA synthetase
How are fatty acyl CoA molecules transported into mitochondria?
Carnitine shuttle system
In the process of fatty acid activation, what is hydrolyzed to form 2 Pi?
PPi (pyrophosphate)
What is the catabolic process in mitochondria that breaks down fatty acid molecules to produce acetylCoA?
B-oxidation
Name two enzymes involved in the B-oxidation of fatty acids.
AcylCoA dehydrogenase, ketoacylCoA thiolase
What enzyme is responsible for converting fatty acyl CoA to acylcarnitine?
Carnitine acyltransferase 1 (CPT1)
This quiz covers various topics related to the anabolism of biomolecules, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, fatty acids, amino acids, nucleotides, lipids, and the oxidation of fatty acids. It also touches on processes such as activation of fatty acids at the outer mitochondrial membrane and degradation of acetyl CoA in the mitochondrial matrix.
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