Anabolism of Biomolecules Part I Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the process by which some proteins are converted into glucose during protein metabolism?

Gluconeogenesis

Which enzyme participates in amino acid deamination in both cytosol and mitochondria to the liver?

L-Glutamate dehydrogenase

Which process involves the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources?

Gluconeogenesis

Which of the following is NOT a type of deamination?

Transamination Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of proteins in the body?

Enzyme catalysis Signup and view all the answers

Which metabolic process involves the breakdown of foods to gain energy?

Catabolism Signup and view all the answers

Which process in glucose metabolism involves the conversion of glycogen into glucose?

Glycogenolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary end product of glycolysis?

Pyruvic acid and ATP Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves storing the breakdown of glucose as glycogen?

Glycogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the breakdown of complex molecules into smaller units without requiring energy?

Glycogenolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main energy requirement for anabolism?

ATP Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the synthesis of glycogen from glucose?

Glycogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of glycolysis?

Creating ATP and pyruvate from glucose Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids?

Gluconeogenesis Signup and view all the answers

During which process are complex biomolecules built from simpler components?

Anabolism Signup and view all the answers

Gluconeogenesis is the process to produce glucose from ______

pyruvate Signup and view all the answers

Glycogenolysis is the process to convert glycogen into ______

glucose Signup and view all the answers

Glycolysis breaks down glucose to form ______ and ATP

pyruvic acid Signup and view all the answers

Glycogenesis is the process to store the breakdown of glucose as ______

glycogen Signup and view all the answers

Carbohydrate metabolism involves the small intestine where monosaccharides are absorbed into the ______ blood

capillary Signup and view all the answers

Insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine control the concentration of glucose in ______

blood Signup and view all the answers

Gluconeogenesis occurs when the glucose level in blood is low and these substrates are needed to genesis new glucose: 1) Amino acids 2) Lactate 3) Glycerol 4) ______

Pyruvate Signup and view all the answers

During muscle strenuous activities, pyruvic acid can be converted into lactic acid compared to acetyl CoA because of the lack of ATP produced by glycolysis process. In resting time, lactic acids are converted back into pyruvic acid which then undergoes the ______ process.

Gluconeogenesis Signup and view all the answers

The conversion of glucose into glycogen by glycogenesis could occur when glucose is not immediately needed, serving as a storage form. This process is opposite to ______.

Glycogenolysis Signup and view all the answers

Gluconeogenesis requires anabolic pathway to synthesize the formation of glucose from amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. It also needs energy to break down ______.

Pyruvate Signup and view all the answers

Substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis involves the transfer of phosphate group from ATP to glucose. This is one of the important events in ______.

Glycolysis Signup and view all the answers

Anabolic pathway is needed in gluconeogenesis to synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. This process involves the formation of glucose from simpler molecules and requires energy to break down ______.

Pyruvate Signup and view all the answers

Protein metabolism is the process to breakdown foods are used by the body to gain energy. During protein metabolism, some of the protein will be converted into glucose through ______ process.

gluconeogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Glycogenolysis is the process of breaking down ______ into glucose.

glycogen Signup and view all the answers

The process of converting glucose into glycogen is known as ______.

glycogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Anabolism is the process in which complex biomolecules are built from simpler components, requiring energy. It is the opposite of ______.

catabolism Signup and view all the answers

The primary end product of glycolysis is ______.

pyruvate Signup and view all the answers

During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into ______ molecules.

pyruvate Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between catabolism and anabolism in terms of energy requirements.

Catabolism breaks down molecules and releases energy, while anabolism synthesizes molecules and requires energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of gluconeogenesis?

To produce glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process of glycogenolysis.

Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose. Signup and view all the answers

Why is anabolic pathway important in synthesizing glucose through gluconeogenesis?

Anabolic pathway is needed to convert non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol into glucose during gluconeogenesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary molecule produced at the end of glycolysis?

Pyruvate Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine in regulating glucose concentration.

Insulin promotes glucose uptake and storage, while glucagon and epinephrine stimulate glucose release into the bloodstream. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of gluconeogenesis and its significance in glucose metabolism.

Gluconeogenesis is the process of producing glucose from pyruvate. It is important in maintaining blood glucose levels during fasting or low-carbohydrate intake. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between glycolysis and glycogenolysis?

The main difference is that glycolysis breaks down glucose to produce energy, while glycogenolysis breaks down glycogen to release glucose for immediate energy needs. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the role of anabolism in glucose metabolism.

Anabolism, specifically glycogenesis, is the process of storing glucose as glycogen for future energy needs. It is essential for energy reserve and maintaining blood glucose levels. Signup and view all the answers

How does insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine regulate the concentration of glucose in the blood?

Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake and storage. Glucagon and epinephrine raise blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the significance of glycogenolysis in the context of energy metabolism.

Glycogenolysis is important for providing a rapid source of glucose for immediate energy needs, such as during exercise or periods of fasting. Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between glycolysis and glycogenesis in terms of their metabolic functions.

Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to produce energy, while glycogenesis is the process of converting glucose into glycogen for energy storage. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of deamination in amino acid metabolism.

Deamination is the elimination of the amino group from an amino acid with the formation of ammonia. It can occur through oxidative, reductive, hydrolytic, or intramolecular processes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of gluconeogenesis?

Gluconeogenesis is the process of producing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process of glycogenolysis.

Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose molecules. Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between anabolism and catabolism.

Anabolism is the building of complex biomolecules from simpler components, requiring energy, while catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler units, releasing energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main energy requirement for anabolism?

The main energy requirement for anabolism is ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of glycolysis in cellular metabolism.

Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose to form pyruvate and ATP. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Protein Metabolism

Proteins can be converted into glucose through a process that involves deamination and gluconeogenesis.
The enzyme that participates in amino acid deamination in both cytosol and mitochondria in the liver is unknown.

Glucose Metabolism

Gluconeogenesis is the process of forming glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol.
This process occurs when the glucose level in the blood is low and requires energy to break down substrate molecules.
Glucagon, insulin, and epinephrine control the concentration of glucose in the blood.

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate and ATP.
The primary end product of glycolysis is pyruvate.
Glycolysis is the primary function of cellular metabolism.

Glycogen Metabolism

Glycogenolysis is the process of breaking down glycogen into glucose.
Glycogenesis is the process of storing glucose as glycogen, which is the opposite of glycogenolysis.
Glycogenolysis is significant in energy metabolism as it provides glucose for energy production.

Energy Metabolism

Anabolism is the process of building complex biomolecules from simpler components, requiring energy.
Catabolism is the process of breaking down complex biomolecules into smaller units, releasing energy.
The main energy requirement for anabolism is energy.

Regulation of Glucose Concentration

Insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine regulate the concentration of glucose in the blood.

Deamination

Deamination is the process of removing an amino group from amino acids.
The primary function of deamination is to produce energy from amino acids.

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Anabolism of Biomolecules Part I Quiz

Questions and Answers

What is the process by which some proteins are converted into glucose during protein metabolism?

Which enzyme participates in amino acid deamination in both cytosol and mitochondria to the liver?

Which process involves the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources?

Which of the following is NOT a type of deamination?

What is the main function of proteins in the body?

Which metabolic process involves the breakdown of foods to gain energy?

Which process in glucose metabolism involves the conversion of glycogen into glucose?

What is the primary end product of glycolysis?

Which process involves storing the breakdown of glucose as glycogen?

Which process involves the breakdown of complex molecules into smaller units without requiring energy?

What is the main energy requirement for anabolism?

Which process involves the synthesis of glycogen from glucose?

What is the primary function of glycolysis?

Which process involves the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids?

During which process are complex biomolecules built from simpler components?

Gluconeogenesis is the process to produce glucose from ______

Glycogenolysis is the process to convert glycogen into ______

Glycolysis breaks down glucose to form ______ and ATP

Glycogenesis is the process to store the breakdown of glucose as ______

Carbohydrate metabolism involves the small intestine where monosaccharides are absorbed into the ______ blood

Insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine control the concentration of glucose in ______

Gluconeogenesis occurs when the glucose level in blood is low and these substrates are needed to genesis new glucose: 1) Amino acids 2) Lactate 3) Glycerol 4) ______

During muscle strenuous activities, pyruvic acid can be converted into lactic acid compared to acetyl CoA because of the lack of ATP produced by glycolysis process. In resting time, lactic acids are converted back into pyruvic acid which then undergoes the ______ process.

The conversion of glucose into glycogen by glycogenesis could occur when glucose is not immediately needed, serving as a storage form. This process is opposite to ______.

Gluconeogenesis requires anabolic pathway to synthesize the formation of glucose from amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. It also needs energy to break down ______.

Substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis involves the transfer of phosphate group from ATP to glucose. This is one of the important events in ______.

Anabolic pathway is needed in gluconeogenesis to synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. This process involves the formation of glucose from simpler molecules and requires energy to break down ______.

Protein metabolism is the process to breakdown foods are used by the body to gain energy. During protein metabolism, some of the protein will be converted into glucose through ______ process.

Glycogenolysis is the process of breaking down ______ into glucose.

The process of converting glucose into glycogen is known as ______.

Anabolism is the process in which complex biomolecules are built from simpler components, requiring energy. It is the opposite of ______.

The primary end product of glycolysis is ______.

During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into ______ molecules.

Explain the difference between catabolism and anabolism in terms of energy requirements.

What is the primary purpose of gluconeogenesis?

Describe the process of glycogenolysis.

Why is anabolic pathway important in synthesizing glucose through gluconeogenesis?

What is the primary molecule produced at the end of glycolysis?

Explain the role of insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine in regulating glucose concentration.

Explain the process of gluconeogenesis and its significance in glucose metabolism.

What is the main difference between glycolysis and glycogenolysis?

Describe the role of anabolism in glucose metabolism.

How does insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine regulate the concentration of glucose in the blood?

Explain the significance of glycogenolysis in the context of energy metabolism.

Differentiate between glycolysis and glycogenesis in terms of their metabolic functions.

Explain the process of deamination in amino acid metabolism.

What is the primary function of gluconeogenesis?

Describe the process of glycogenolysis.

Differentiate between anabolism and catabolism.

What is the main energy requirement for anabolism?

Explain the role of glycolysis in cellular metabolism.

Study Notes

Protein Metabolism

Glucose Metabolism

Glycolysis

Glycogen Metabolism

Energy Metabolism

Regulation of Glucose Concentration

Deamination

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