Anabolism of Biomolecules Part I Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the process by which some proteins are converted into glucose during protein metabolism?

  • Glycogenesis
  • Gluconeogenesis (correct)
  • Glycogenolysis
  • Glycolysis

    • Which enzyme participates in amino acid deamination in both cytosol and mitochondria to the liver?

  • Pyruvate carboxylase
  • L-Glutamate dehydrogenase (correct)
  • Citrate synthase
  • Lactate dehydrogenase

    • Which process involves the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources?

  • Gluconeogenesis (correct)
  • Glycogenolysis
  • Glycolysis
  • Glycogenesis

    • Which of the following is NOT a type of deamination?

    <p>Transamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of proteins in the body?

    <p>Enzyme catalysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metabolic process involves the breakdown of foods to gain energy?

    <p>Catabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process in glucose metabolism involves the conversion of glycogen into glucose?

    <p>Glycogenolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary end product of glycolysis?

    <p>Pyruvic acid and ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves storing the breakdown of glucose as glycogen?

    <p>Glycogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the breakdown of complex molecules into smaller units without requiring energy?

    <p>Glycogenolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main energy requirement for anabolism?

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the synthesis of glycogen from glucose?

    <p>Glycogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glycolysis?

    <p>Creating ATP and pyruvate from glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids?

    <p>Gluconeogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which process are complex biomolecules built from simpler components?

    <p>Anabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gluconeogenesis is the process to produce glucose from ______

    <p>pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glycogenolysis is the process to convert glycogen into ______

    <p>glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glycolysis breaks down glucose to form ______ and ATP

    <p>pyruvic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glycogenesis is the process to store the breakdown of glucose as ______

    <p>glycogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Carbohydrate metabolism involves the small intestine where monosaccharides are absorbed into the ______ blood

    <p>capillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine control the concentration of glucose in ______

    <p>blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gluconeogenesis occurs when the glucose level in blood is low and these substrates are needed to genesis new glucose: 1) Amino acids 2) Lactate 3) Glycerol 4) ______

    <p>Pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During muscle strenuous activities, pyruvic acid can be converted into lactic acid compared to acetyl CoA because of the lack of ATP produced by glycolysis process. In resting time, lactic acids are converted back into pyruvic acid which then undergoes the ______ process.

    <p>Gluconeogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The conversion of glucose into glycogen by glycogenesis could occur when glucose is not immediately needed, serving as a storage form. This process is opposite to ______.

    <p>Glycogenolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gluconeogenesis requires anabolic pathway to synthesize the formation of glucose from amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. It also needs energy to break down ______.

    <p>Pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis involves the transfer of phosphate group from ATP to glucose. This is one of the important events in ______.

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anabolic pathway is needed in gluconeogenesis to synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. This process involves the formation of glucose from simpler molecules and requires energy to break down ______.

    <p>Pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Protein metabolism is the process to breakdown foods are used by the body to gain energy. During protein metabolism, some of the protein will be converted into glucose through ______ process.

    <p>gluconeogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glycogenolysis is the process of breaking down ______ into glucose.

    <p>glycogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of converting glucose into glycogen is known as ______.

    <p>glycogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anabolism is the process in which complex biomolecules are built from simpler components, requiring energy. It is the opposite of ______.

    <p>catabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary end product of glycolysis is ______.

    <p>pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into ______ molecules.

    <p>pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the difference between catabolism and anabolism in terms of energy requirements.

    <p>Catabolism breaks down molecules and releases energy, while anabolism synthesizes molecules and requires energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of gluconeogenesis?

    <p>To produce glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the process of glycogenolysis.

    <p>Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is anabolic pathway important in synthesizing glucose through gluconeogenesis?

    <p>Anabolic pathway is needed to convert non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol into glucose during gluconeogenesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary molecule produced at the end of glycolysis?

    <p>Pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the role of insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine in regulating glucose concentration.

    <p>Insulin promotes glucose uptake and storage, while glucagon and epinephrine stimulate glucose release into the bloodstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the process of gluconeogenesis and its significance in glucose metabolism.

    <p>Gluconeogenesis is the process of producing glucose from pyruvate. It is important in maintaining blood glucose levels during fasting or low-carbohydrate intake.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between glycolysis and glycogenolysis?

    <p>The main difference is that glycolysis breaks down glucose to produce energy, while glycogenolysis breaks down glycogen to release glucose for immediate energy needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the role of anabolism in glucose metabolism.

    <p>Anabolism, specifically glycogenesis, is the process of storing glucose as glycogen for future energy needs. It is essential for energy reserve and maintaining blood glucose levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine regulate the concentration of glucose in the blood?

    <p>Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake and storage. Glucagon and epinephrine raise blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the significance of glycogenolysis in the context of energy metabolism.

    <p>Glycogenolysis is important for providing a rapid source of glucose for immediate energy needs, such as during exercise or periods of fasting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Differentiate between glycolysis and glycogenesis in terms of their metabolic functions.

    <p>Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to produce energy, while glycogenesis is the process of converting glucose into glycogen for energy storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the process of deamination in amino acid metabolism.

    <p>Deamination is the elimination of the amino group from an amino acid with the formation of ammonia. It can occur through oxidative, reductive, hydrolytic, or intramolecular processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of gluconeogenesis?

    <p>Gluconeogenesis is the process of producing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the process of glycogenolysis.

    <p>Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Differentiate between anabolism and catabolism.

    <p>Anabolism is the building of complex biomolecules from simpler components, requiring energy, while catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler units, releasing energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main energy requirement for anabolism?

    <p>The main energy requirement for anabolism is ATP (adenosine triphosphate).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the role of glycolysis in cellular metabolism.

    <p>Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose to form pyruvate and ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Protein Metabolism

    • Proteins can be converted into glucose through a process that involves deamination and gluconeogenesis.
    • The enzyme that participates in amino acid deamination in both cytosol and mitochondria in the liver is unknown.

    Glucose Metabolism

    • Gluconeogenesis is the process of forming glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids, lactate, and glycerol.
    • This process occurs when the glucose level in the blood is low and requires energy to break down substrate molecules.
    • Glucagon, insulin, and epinephrine control the concentration of glucose in the blood.

    Glycolysis

    • Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate and ATP.
    • The primary end product of glycolysis is pyruvate.
    • Glycolysis is the primary function of cellular metabolism.

    Glycogen Metabolism

    • Glycogenolysis is the process of breaking down glycogen into glucose.
    • Glycogenesis is the process of storing glucose as glycogen, which is the opposite of glycogenolysis.
    • Glycogenolysis is significant in energy metabolism as it provides glucose for energy production.

    Energy Metabolism

    • Anabolism is the process of building complex biomolecules from simpler components, requiring energy.
    • Catabolism is the process of breaking down complex biomolecules into smaller units, releasing energy.
    • The main energy requirement for anabolism is energy.

    Regulation of Glucose Concentration

    • Insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine regulate the concentration of glucose in the blood.

    Deamination

    • Deamination is the process of removing an amino group from amino acids.
    • The primary function of deamination is to produce energy from amino acids.

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    Anabolism of Biomolecules (Part I) PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anabolism of biomolecules including carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, and nucleotides. This quiz covers topics from Chapter 15 of Biology related to metabolism in living cells.

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