Aminophylline Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the trade name of Aminophylline?

Theophylline

Phyllocontin (correct)

Atrovent

Ventolin

What is the generic name of the drug?

Aminophylline

What is the therapeutic classification of Aminophylline?

Bronchodilators

What is the pharmacologic classification of Aminophylline?

Xanthines Signup and view all the answers

What are indications for using Aminophylline?

Long-term control of reversible airway obstruction caused by asthma or COPD, increases diaphragmatic contractility, unlabeled use as a respiratory stimulant in premature infant apnea. Signup and view all the answers

What is the action of Aminophylline?

Inhibits phosphodiesterase, producing increased tissue concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), resulting in bronchodilation and other benefits. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are side effects of Aminophylline? (Select all that apply)

Rash Signup and view all the answers

What assessments should be performed for a patient on Aminophylline?

Assess BP, pulse, respiratory status, ensure correct oxygen therapy, monitor intake and output ratios, and conduct regular pulmonary function tests. Signup and view all the answers

What is important about the implementation of Aminophylline?

Administer around the clock to maintain therapeutic plasma levels. Signup and view all the answers

What client teaching should be provided for patients using Aminophylline?

Encourage adequate liquid intake, avoid OTC medications without consulting a healthcare professional, and advise against smoking. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Aminophylline Overview

Trade name: Phyllocontin
Generic name: Aminophylline
Therapeutic classification: Bronchodilators
Pharmacologic classification: Xanthines

Indications

Used for long-term control of reversible airway obstruction due to asthma or COPD.
Enhances diaphragmatic contractility.
Unlabeled use as a respiratory and myocardial stimulant for premature infant apnea.

Mechanism of Action

Inhibits phosphodiesterase, leading to increased tissue levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP).
Elevated cAMP levels result in bronchodilation, CNS stimulation, positive inotropic and chronotropic effects, diuresis, and gastric acid secretion.
Aminophylline is a salt of theophylline, releasing free theophylline upon administration.

Therapeutic Effects

Principal effect: Bronchodilation.

Side Effects

CNS: seizures, anxiety, headache, insomnia, irritability.
Cardiovascular: arrhythmias, tachycardia, angina, palpitations.
Dermatological: rash.
Gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, anorexia.
Neurological: tremor.

Assessment

Monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory status before and during therapy.
Ensure proper oxygen therapy during acute asthma attacks.
Track intake and output to detect changes in diuresis or fluid overload.
Assess patients with cardiovascular history for chest pain and ECG changes.
Resuscitative equipment should be available.
Conduct pulmonary function tests periodically.
Monitor ABGs, acid-base status, and fluid/electrolyte balance if on parenteral therapy.
Toxicity Monitoring: Regularly check drug levels, especially with high doses.
Therapeutic range: 10-15 mcg/mL for asthma; 6-14 mcg/mL for apnea of prematurity. Levels above 20 mcg/mL indicate toxicity.
Symptoms of toxicity include: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, confusion, tachycardia, seizures.

Implementation

Administer around the clock to ensure therapeutic plasma levels.

Client Teaching

Encourage adequate fluid intake (at least 2000 mL/day) to reduce airway secretion viscosity.
Advise against using OTC cough, cold, or breathing medications without consulting a healthcare professional to prevent increased side effects and arrhythmias.
Smoking cessation is encouraged; changes in smoking may require dose adjustments.
Suggest minimizing the intake of xanthine-containing foods.

Description

This quiz covers important terminology related to Aminophylline, including its trade and generic names, classifications, and indications. Ideal for students studying pharmacology or healthcare professionals looking to refresh their knowledge on bronchodilators and xanthines.