Podcast
Questions and Answers
What other drugs are included in aminoglycosides?
What other drugs are included in aminoglycosides?
Gentamicin, amikacin, streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin and apramycin
Why does FARAD recommend not using aminoglycosides in an extra-labeled manner (ELDU)?
Why does FARAD recommend not using aminoglycosides in an extra-labeled manner (ELDU)?
- Due to their poor absorption when administered intramuscularly
- Due to the risk of residues being detected above maximal limits (correct)
- Because they are rapidly eliminated through glomerular filtration
- Because they are ineffective against bacterial infections
Which characteristic of aminoglycosides is due to their structure as large molecules with numerous amino acid groups?
Which characteristic of aminoglycosides is due to their structure as large molecules with numerous amino acid groups?
- They are neutral in physiological pH
- They are basic polycations that are highly ionized at physiological pH (correct)
- They easily cross lipid membranes due to their hydrophobic nature
- They have a high volume of distribution in all species
Which of the following statements is true regarding the absorption of aminoglycosides?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the absorption of aminoglycosides?
Which of the following statements about aminoglycoside distribution is true?
Which of the following statements about aminoglycoside distribution is true?
The volume of distribution of aminoglycosides is __________ to ___________
The volume of distribution of aminoglycosides is __________ to ___________
In neonates, the volume of distribution (Vd) for aminoglycosides is:
In neonates, the volume of distribution (Vd) for aminoglycosides is:
After parenteral administration, aminoglycosides reach effective concentrations in which of the following fluids?
After parenteral administration, aminoglycosides reach effective concentrations in which of the following fluids?
Which organ has the highest accumulation of gentamicin over time?
Which organ has the highest accumulation of gentamicin over time?
Which of the following respectively describes why there’s an increased risk of nephrotoxicity and extended withdrawal times?
Which of the following respectively describes why there’s an increased risk of nephrotoxicity and extended withdrawal times?
How are aminoglycosides primarily eliminated from the body?
How are aminoglycosides primarily eliminated from the body?
How do aminoglycosides half-life change in neonates or animals with renal dysfunction?
How do aminoglycosides half-life change in neonates or animals with renal dysfunction?
What effect does halothane anesthesia have on gentamicin pharmacokinetics?
What effect does halothane anesthesia have on gentamicin pharmacokinetics?
Why should aminoglycosides not be used with neuromuscular blocking agents?
Why should aminoglycosides not be used with neuromuscular blocking agents?
Aminoglycosides can act synergistically with which class of antibiotics?
Aminoglycosides can act synergistically with which class of antibiotics?
Nephrotoxic drugs must be avoided when using aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxic drugs must be avoided when using aminoglycosides
How do aminoglycosides enter susceptible gram-negative bacteria?
How do aminoglycosides enter susceptible gram-negative bacteria?
What is the target site of aminoglycosides inside bacterial cells?
What is the target site of aminoglycosides inside bacterial cells?
The primary effect of aminoglycosides on bacterial protein synthesis is:
The primary effect of aminoglycosides on bacterial protein synthesis is:
Aminoglycosides exhibit which type of bacterial killing action?
Aminoglycosides exhibit which type of bacterial killing action?
Why might aminoglycosides fail to kill normally susceptible bacteria?
Why might aminoglycosides fail to kill normally susceptible bacteria?
Which of the following conditions can inactivate aminoglycosides?
Which of the following conditions can inactivate aminoglycosides?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity?
Which of the following adverse effects of aminoglycosides is caused by their interaction with nicotinic cholinergic receptors?
Which of the following adverse effects of aminoglycosides is caused by their interaction with nicotinic cholinergic receptors?
What can be used to reverse aminoglycoside-induced neuromuscular blockade?
What can be used to reverse aminoglycoside-induced neuromuscular blockade?
Which type of ototoxicity is associated with aminoglycosides?
Which type of ototoxicity is associated with aminoglycosides?
What is the primary mechanism of aminoglycoside resistance?
What is the primary mechanism of aminoglycoside resistance?
Why are aminoglycosides considered narrow-spectrum antibiotics?
Why are aminoglycosides considered narrow-spectrum antibiotics?
Which Gram-negative bacterium is typically susceptible to aminoglycosides?
Which Gram-negative bacterium is typically susceptible to aminoglycosides?
What is the main consideration for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of aminoglycosides?
What is the main consideration for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of aminoglycosides?
Why is continuous exposure of bacteria to aminoglycosides a concern?
Why is continuous exposure of bacteria to aminoglycosides a concern?
What is the recommended aminoglycoside concentration to achieve efficacy against the targeted pathogen?
What is the recommended aminoglycoside concentration to achieve efficacy against the targeted pathogen?
How should aminoglycoside dosage be adjusted during therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)?
How should aminoglycoside dosage be adjusted during therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)?
Why is exposure to a single dose of an aminoglycoside a concern?
Why is exposure to a single dose of an aminoglycoside a concern?
Why is parenteral administration of aminoglycosides limited?
Why is parenteral administration of aminoglycosides limited?
What are the four considerations to take when a patient is medicated with aminoglycosides?
What are the four considerations to take when a patient is medicated with aminoglycosides?
Why is therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) important for aminoglycosides?
Why is therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) important for aminoglycosides?
What is measured in therapeutic drug monitoring of aminoglycosides?
What is measured in therapeutic drug monitoring of aminoglycosides?
What can peak and trough concentrations of aminoglycosides be used to calculate?
What can peak and trough concentrations of aminoglycosides be used to calculate?
What does an increase in the elimination half-life during aminoglycoside therapy indicate?
What does an increase in the elimination half-life during aminoglycoside therapy indicate?
What is an early and sensitive indicator of nephrotoxicity in patients receiving aminoglycosides
What is an early and sensitive indicator of nephrotoxicity in patients receiving aminoglycosides
Which aminoglycosides are available for intrauterine (IU) infusion in mares?
Which aminoglycosides are available for intrauterine (IU) infusion in mares?
Aminoglycosides are not labeled for other ROA in large animals, but commonly administered by IV, IM, SC, intra-articular and IO to horses
Aminoglycosides are not labeled for other ROA in large animals, but commonly administered by IV, IM, SC, intra-articular and IO to horses
Which administration route of aminoglycosides achieves the highest concentration in synovial fluid for 24 hours?
Which administration route of aminoglycosides achieves the highest concentration in synovial fluid for 24 hours?
Which of the following aminoglycosides is available in topical formulations combined with glucocorticoids for dermal and otic application?
Which of the following aminoglycosides is available in topical formulations combined with glucocorticoids for dermal and otic application?
Which of the following drugs are available in ophthalmic formulations?
Which of the following drugs are available in ophthalmic formulations?
Which aminoglycoside is available in oral formulations for calves?
Which aminoglycoside is available in oral formulations for calves?
Neomycin can be used for topical or ocular applications in calves is called _________________
Neomycin can be used for topical or ocular applications in calves is called _________________
The importance of this group in veterinary medicine is in the treatment of gram ________________ infections caused by __________ pathogens; such as ______________
The importance of this group in veterinary medicine is in the treatment of gram ________________ infections caused by __________ pathogens; such as ______________
If gentamicin has developed resistance in Gram negative, what medication can we use instead?
If gentamicin has developed resistance in Gram negative, what medication can we use instead?
Which aminoglycosides are used to treat Gram-negative and staphylococcal keratitis?
Which aminoglycosides are used to treat Gram-negative and staphylococcal keratitis?
Why is topical application preferred in the treatment of local infections with aminoglycosides?
Why is topical application preferred in the treatment of local infections with aminoglycosides?
Which of the following administration routes is recommended for the treatment of septic arthritis or osteomyelitis?
Which of the following administration routes is recommended for the treatment of septic arthritis or osteomyelitis?
What is a major limitation of aminoglycoside use in treating infections?
What is a major limitation of aminoglycoside use in treating infections?
Which aminoglycoside is preferred for treating melting corneal ulcers caused by gentamicin-resistant Pseudomonas?
Which aminoglycoside is preferred for treating melting corneal ulcers caused by gentamicin-resistant Pseudomonas?
In small animals, topical formulations of aminoglycosides are commonly used to treat which condition?
In small animals, topical formulations of aminoglycosides are commonly used to treat which condition?
In equine medicine, gentamicin is commonly used for the treatment of ______________________
In equine medicine, gentamicin is commonly used for the treatment of ______________________
Which aminoglycoside is administered orally in calves for the treatment of scours, despite unproven efficacy?
Which aminoglycoside is administered orally in calves for the treatment of scours, despite unproven efficacy?
In swine medicine, the aminoglycoside __________, is used orally for the prophylaxis and treatment of ______________
In swine medicine, the aminoglycoside __________, is used orally for the prophylaxis and treatment of ______________
What is a potential issue with oral apramycin use in poultry for E. coli infections?
What is a potential issue with oral apramycin use in poultry for E. coli infections?
Flashcards
Aminoglycoside drugs
Aminoglycoside drugs
Gentamicin, amikacin, streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin, and apramycin.
Aminoglycoside ELDU risk
Aminoglycoside ELDU risk
Due to concerns about residue detection exceeding maximum residue limits (MRLs).
Aminoglycoside characteristics
Aminoglycoside characteristics
They are basic polycations, highly ionized at physiological pH due to large molecules with amino acid groups.
Aminoglycoside absorption routes
Aminoglycoside absorption routes
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Aminoglycoside distribution
Aminoglycoside distribution
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Aminoglycoside volume of distribution
Aminoglycoside volume of distribution
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Aminoglycoside Vd in neonates
Aminoglycoside Vd in neonates
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Aminoglycoside fluid penetration
Aminoglycoside fluid penetration
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Gentamicin accumulation
Gentamicin accumulation
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Nephrotoxicity and withdrawal times
Nephrotoxicity and withdrawal times
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