Amino Acids and Proteins QUIZ-Exam-1
91 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which one of the following is true about proteinogenic amino acids?

  • They are intermediates in biosynthetic pathways
  • They are nonproteinogenic amino acids
  • They are incorporated into proteins during translation (correct)
  • They form peptide bonds

    • What is the function of proteins?

  • Catalyzing reactions
  • Transport
  • DNA replication
  • All of the above (correct)

    • Which level of protein structure refers to the overall 3D structure of a single polypeptide chain?

  • Primary structure
  • Quaternary structure
  • Tertiary structure (correct)
  • Secondary structure

    • What are the two bond angles that biochemists look at within an amino acid chain?

    <p>φ and ψ angles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of amide bond is overwhelmingly preferred in proteins?

    <p>Trans amide bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two ends of a peptide/protein chain called?

    <p>N-terminus and C-terminus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which secondary structure is stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds?

    <p>Alpha helix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which direction is more energetically favorable for alpha helices to turn?

    <p>Right-handed (clockwise)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is less common in alpha helices due to its ring structure and lack of N-H bond?

    <p>Proline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of alpha helices in proteins?

    <p>Membrane spanning motifs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which secondary structure is made up of linear strands of adjacent peptides?

    <p>Beta sheet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the adjacent strands of peptides in a beta sheet run?

    <p>In opposite directions (antiparallel)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about proteinogenic amino acids?

    <p>They are incorporated into proteins during translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a group in which proteinogenic amino acids are typically divided based on their side chains?

    <p>Hydrophobic and hydrophilic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a hydrophobic/non-polar amino acid?

    <p>Valine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an acidic amino acid?

    <p>Aspartic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the ionization of amino acids?

    <p>Amino acids exist as zwitterions at physiological pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the ionization of acidic amino acids?

    <p>Aspartic acid side chain is &gt;99% ionized at physiological pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of amino acids can be used to synthesize proteins?

    <p>L-amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are amino acids considered chiral?

    <p>Because the α carbon has four different substituents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system is typically used to describe the chirality of amino acids?

    <p>R/S system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are proteins synthesized using amino acids?

    <p>By condensation reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond is responsible for stabilizing tertiary structures of proteins?

    <p>Covalent bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a post-translational modification of proteins?

    <p>Acetylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of RNA polymerase II in protein synthesis?

    <p>Transcribing DNA into precursor mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common post-translational modification of proteins?

    <p>Phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 3D structure of multiple polypeptide chains assembled together to form a protein called?

    <p>Quaternary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of subunits in antibodies?

    <p>Heavy and light chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when DNA is used as a template to synthesize mRNA?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the enzymes responsible for attaching phosphate groups to proteins/small molecules called?

    <p>Kinases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is phosphorylated by kinases?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid can undergo O-linkage glycosylation?

    <p>Serine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system is typically used to describe the chirality of amino acids?

    <p>D/L system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is achiral?

    <p>Glycine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond is responsible for stabilizing secondary structures of proteins?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two ends of a peptide/protein chain called?

    <p>N-terminus and C-terminus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of amino acid can undergo O-linkage glycosylation?

    <p>Serine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a non-proteinogenic amino acid?

    <p>Tryptophan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups are proteinogenic amino acids typically divided into based on their side chains?

    <p>Polar vs non-polar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a hydrophobic/non-polar amino acid?

    <p>Valine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At physiological pH, what is the charge of zwitterions?

    <p>Neutral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pKa range for carboxylic acid groups in amino acids?

    <p>1.5-2.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pKa range for amino groups in amino acids?

    <p>9.5-10.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the Ramachandran plot?

    <p>It shows the different bond angles observed within proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of alpha helices in proteins?

    <p>They can be DNA-binding motifs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about beta sheets?

    <p>They are made up of linear strands of adjacent peptides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between parallel and antiparallel beta sheets?

    <p>The direction in which the adjacent strands of peptides run.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of protein domains?

    <p>They are able to form a particular function within a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

    <p>The 3D shape of a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the primary structure of proteins?

    <p>It is determined by the sequence of amino acids in the protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the secondary structure of proteins?

    <p>It consists of various structural motifs within proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the tertiary structure of proteins?

    <p>It refers to the overall 3D structure of a single polypeptide chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the quaternary structure of proteins?

    <p>It is the arrangement of multiple polypeptide chains in a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bond angles do biochemists look at within an amino acid chain?

    <p>φ and ψ angles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond is responsible for stabilizing tertiary structures of proteins?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about quaternary protein structure?

    <p>Quaternary structure refers to the 3D structure of multiple polypeptide chains assembled together to form a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for synthesizing precursor mRNA?

    <p>RNA polymerase II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a post-translational modification of proteins?

    <p>Phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is most commonly phosphorylated by kinases?

    <p>Tyrosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the addition of sugar molecules to a protein called?

    <p>Glycosylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about antibodies?

    <p>Antibodies consist of two heavy chains and two light chains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of proteinogenic amino acids?

    <p>Can be intermediates in biosynthetic pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of proteinogenic amino acids is based on their side chain polarity?

    <p>Polar and non-polar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid side chain has a pKa value of 6.04 and is 4% ionized at physiological pH?

    <p>Histidine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond is responsible for stabilizing tertiary structures of proteins?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is most commonly phosphorylated by kinases?

    <p>Tyrosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between parallel and antiparallel beta sheets?

    <p>Direction of hydrogen bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following secondary structures is more extended and less tightly coiled compared to alpha helices?

    <p>Beta sheet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common membrane-spanning motif for proteins?

    <p>Alpha helix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common structural motif observed in proteins?

    <p>Random coil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bond angles do biochemists look at within an amino acid chain?

    <p>Phi and psi angles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about protein domains?

    <p>Protein domains are regions of a protein that are able to form a particular function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of alpha helices?

    <p>Alpha helices can be DNA-binding motifs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the structure of amino acids?

    <p>Amino acids contain four constituents: amino group, carboxylic acid, hydrogen atom, and side chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the chirality of amino acids?

    <p>All proteins use exclusively L-amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are amino acids typically grouped?

    <p>Based on their side chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of protein domains?

    <p>To bind to specific molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between parallel and antiparallel beta sheets?

    <p>The direction of the adjacent strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system is typically used to describe the chirality of amino acids?

    <p>R/S system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about peptide bonds?

    <p>Peptide bonds have less flexibility than would be expected for a normal single bond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structure of a protein?

    <p>The amino acid sequence of a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the cis and trans isomers of amide bonds?

    <p>Trans amide bonds are overwhelmingly preferred in proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of zwitterions at physiological pH?

    <p>Neutral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of alpha helices in proteins?

    <p>Structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two bond angles that biochemists look at within an amino acid chain?

    <p>φ and ψ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about post-translational modifications of proteins?

    <p>Phosphorylation is the most common post-translational modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about glycosylation of proteins?

    <p>Glycosylation is the addition of sugar molecules to a substrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the quaternary structure of proteins?

    <p>Quaternary structures are stabilized by disulfide bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about proteinogenic amino acids?

    <p>Proteinogenic amino acids can be identified by their 1-letter abbreviation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the secondary structure of proteins?

    <p>Alpha helices and beta sheets are examples of secondary structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the three amino acids commonly phosphorylated by kinases?

    <p>Asparagine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Amino Acids and Proteins Quiz
    48 questions

    Amino Acids and Proteins Quiz

    WellReceivedMagic avatar
    WellReceivedMagic
    Amino Acids and Proteins Quiz
    95 questions

    Amino Acids and Proteins Quiz

    WellReceivedMagic avatar
    WellReceivedMagic
    Amino Acids and Proteins Quiz
    30 questions

    Amino Acids and Proteins Quiz

    LivelyManganese avatar
    LivelyManganese
    Amino Acids and Proteins Quiz
    21 questions

    Amino Acids and Proteins Quiz

    ValuablePurple avatar
    ValuablePurple
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser