American Yawp Chapter 4 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the consumer revolution?

A time period during which the desire for exotic imports increased dramatically due to economic expansion and population growth.

What is commodity money?

Objects that have value in themselves and are also used as money.

What are bills of credit?

Paper money.

What characterized the sugar trade?

High demand in Europe which led to the use of African slaves on plantations. Signup and view all the answers

What were the Navigation Acts?

Laws that governed trade between England and its colonies. Signup and view all the answers

What does smuggling refer to in the colonial context?

Engaging in illegal trade, often circumventing the Navigation Acts. Signup and view all the answers

Who was James Oglethorpe?

Founder and governor of the Georgia colony. Signup and view all the answers

What were rice plantations?

Plantations run by African slaves that significantly contributed to South Carolina's economy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the task system?

A method of organizing enslaved labor where workers had specific jobs and could choose how to spend their time afterward. Signup and view all the answers

What happened during the Stono Rebellion?

A significant slave rebellion in 1739 in South Carolina where enslaved Africans rose up against their masters. Signup and view all the answers

What are patroonships?

Dutch settlements granted to wealthy promoters in exchange for bringing fifty settlers. Signup and view all the answers

Who are the Quakers?

English dissenters who advocated for pacifism, inner divinity, and social equity. Signup and view all the answers

What is a royal colony?

A colony governed by officials appointed by the monarch. Signup and view all the answers

What are proprietary colonies?

Colonies controlled by an individual or small elite group receiving favors from the king. Signup and view all the answers

What are charter colonies?

Colonies that were generally self-governed with charters granted by the British King. Signup and view all the answers

What is sentimentalism?

A movement that emphasized the importance of feeling and emotional expression. Signup and view all the answers

What is republican motherhood?

An idea that elevated the role of women as the caretakers of the nation's conscience. Signup and view all the answers

What is coverture?

An 18th-century legal doctrine depriving married women of separate legal identity. Signup and view all the answers

What is print culture?

A growing concern with secular issues leading to the rise of books and newspapers. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Great Awakening?

A religious movement in the 1730s and 1740s characterized by emotional preaching. Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God'?

A sermon written by Jonathan Edwards emphasizing God's anger and the fate of non-believers. Signup and view all the answers

Who was George Whitefield?

An English clergyman known for his compelling sermons during the Great Awakening. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Seven Years War?

Also known as the French and Indian War, it determined English dominance in North America. Signup and view all the answers

What was Pontiac's War?

An alliance of western Native Americans attacking British forts after the French and Indian War. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Proclamation line of 1776?

A British law restricting American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Consumer Revolution

A significant increase in the demand for exotic imports driven by economic growth and rising population.

Commodity Money

Items that have intrinsic value used as currency; tobacco and whiskey were common forms in colonial times.

Bills of Credit

Refers to paper money used during the colonial period, representing a shift away from metal currency.

Sugar Trade

High demand for sugar in Europe fueled the extensive use of enslaved labor from Africa on plantations, making it a highly profitable commodity.

Legislation regulating colonial trade, mandating that certain goods could only be shipped to England, sparking colonial resentment and promoting mercantilism.

Smuggling

Widespread violation of trade laws due to lax enforcement; estimates suggest 83% of tea in Boston and 90% in other major cities was smuggled.

James Oglethorpe

Founder and governor of Georgia, known for strict governance; banned slavery and alcohol, which led to dissent among colonists and his eventual loss of power.

Rice Plantations

Essential to South Carolina's economy, relying heavily on enslaved African labor for operations.

Task System

Organizational approach for enslaved labor where workers had individual tasks to complete daily, allowing for personal time afterward.

Stono Rebellion

Notable slave uprising in 1739 in South Carolina where approximately 100 African Americans rebelled; resulted in harsh reprisals and executions.

Patroonships

Dutch colonial land grants along the Hudson River, given to wealthy individuals in return for settling new inhabitants.

Quakers

Religious dissenters advocating for nonviolence and equality; instrumental in early abolitionist movements, notably settled in Pennsylvania under William Penn.

Royal Colony

Type of colony overseen by a governor and advisors appointed by the monarch, representing Crown interests; included Carolina, Virginia, and Massachusetts by 1775.

Proprietary Colonies

Colonies owned by individuals or small groups, controlling local governance while reporting directly to the king; notably Delaware, Maryland, and Pennsylvania.

Charter Colonies

Self-governing colonies with charters granted by the British King, allowing significant local autonomy; examples include Rhode Island and Connecticut.

Sentimentalism

Cultural movement emphasizing emotional connections and appreciation for life, influencing relationships and personal choices post-1800.

Republican Motherhood

Concept elevating women's societal roles as educators of future citizens, leading to increased educational opportunities.

Coverture

18th-century legal principle that merged a married woman’s identity with her husband's, denying her individual rights.

Print Culture

Emergence of a secular literary environment where books and newspapers became influential during the Enlightenment.

Great Awakening

1730s-1740s religious revival characterized by passionate preaching that unified the Thirteen Colonies and democratized religion.

"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"

Noteworthy sermon by Jonathan Edwards, illustrating the perils of non-belief and the immediacy of God's wrath.

George Whitefield

Influential English preacher known for persuasive sermons; key figure in the Great Awakening, emphasizing the personal pursuit of salvation.

Seven Years War (French and Indian War)

Major conflict from 1756-1763 establishing English dominance in North America both commercially and territorially.

Pontiac's War

Post-French and Indian War conflict where Ottawa leader Pontiac rallied Native Americans against British forts, resulting in significant violence and loss of life.

Proclamation Line of 1776

British law restricting settlement beyond the Appalachian Mountains post-war, aimed at reducing conflict with Native Americans in the Ohio Valley.

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Explore key concepts from Chapter 4 of the American Yawp. This quiz covers important terms and definitions related to the consumer revolution and economic practices in colonial America. Test your knowledge with flashcards focusing on historical terminology.