American Yawp Chapter 26 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Who is John Kenneth Galbraith?

  • A social reformer focused on urban development.
  • An economist who supported sustained economic growth.
  • A politician who encouraged the wealthy to save more.
  • An economist who attacked the notion that economic growth would solve social problems. (correct)

What does FHA stand for?

Federal Housing Administration

What types of consumer products increased after WWII?

Cars, refrigerators, washing machines, and televisions

What is Levittown known for?

<p>Mass production of inexpensive homes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Redlining refers to making loans secured by properties in certain neighborhoods for discriminatory purposes.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Brown v. Board of Education?

<p>It declared racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were Jim Crow laws designed for?

<p>To enforce segregation of blacks from whites</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

<p>Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened to Emmett Till in 1955?

<p>He was murdered for whistling at a white woman.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SCLC stand for?

<p>Southern Christian Leadership Conference</p> Signup and view all the answers

Television became the primary source of information and entertainment in the late 1950s.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the message conveyed in the TV show 'Leave It to Beaver'?

<p>That women should return to being wives and mothers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Dr. Spock?

<p>An author of a best-selling parenting guide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Baby Boom' refer to?

<p>A dramatic increase in birth rates post-WWII.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did 'Rebel Without a Cause' represent?

<p>Changes in conformity and fears of delinquency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the massification of American culture?

<p>The rise of corporations and mass media creating a uniform culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Elvis Presley?

<p>A symbol of the rock and roll movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Beat Generation?

<p>A group of writers who rejected mainstream values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Keynesian Economics?

<p>A theory advocating increased government spending during economic slumps.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Libertarianism champion?

<p>Individual liberty with minimal government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Liberal beliefs emphasize?

<p>Equality and social services provided by the government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Conservatives believe in?

<p>Personal responsibility and limited government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was notable about the election of Eisenhower?

<p>He was a popular ex-World War II general.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Middle of the Road' refer to in Eisenhower's political policy?

<p>Neutrality between political parties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the 'Massive Retaliation' policy?

<p>Threatening nuclear retaliation for any act of aggression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act provide?

<p>Funds for construction of 42,500 miles of roads.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Galbraith's Critique

Galbraith argued that focusing solely on economic growth wasn't enough to solve social problems; wealthier individuals should invest more in societal well-being.

Keynesian Economics

Keynes advocated for increased government spending during economic downturns and reduced spending during economic booms to manage the economy.

FHA (1943)

The Federal Housing Administration helped boost home ownership by insuring loans, making home purchases easier.

Levittown

Levittown exemplified post-WWII suburbia, using mass production to build affordable homes.

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Postwar Consumerism

Post-WWII America saw a huge rise in consumer goods, like cars and appliances, and increased advertising.

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TV's Impact

Television became a major source of information and entertainment, rapidly gaining popularity in the 1950s.

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Brown v. Board

This 1954 Supreme Court case ruled that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, overturning a prior ruling.

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Montgomery Bus Boycott

This 1955 boycott, triggered by Rosa Parks' arrest, led to a Supreme Court ruling against public transportation segregation.

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Jim Crow Laws

These laws enforced racial segregation in the Southern US, creating a system of discrimination.

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Redlining

Denying mortgages based on race, leading to segregation and urban decay in certain neighborhoods.

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Baby Boom

A surge in birth rates following WWII, resulting in a large population generation.

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Elvis Presley

Elvis became a rock-and-roll icon, representing a new youth culture and challenging societal norms.

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Beat Generation

A group of writers who rejected mainstream values and explored different lifestyles, especially their spirituality.

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Dr. Spock's Guide

Parenting advice that emphasized child individuality and flexibility, impacting postwar child-rearing practices.

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Eisenhower's Election

Eisenhower's election was marked by immense popularity, resulting in two successful terms and a "Middle of the Road" approach.

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Conservative vs. Liberal

Differing political ideologies, where conservatives emphasized personal responsibility and free markets, while liberals championed government intervention for equality.

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Massive Retaliation

A Cold War defense strategy where the US threatened nuclear retaliation against any attack.

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National Highway Act

A significant infrastructure project, this act funded the construction of thousands of miles of highways.

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Post-WWII Suburbia

The expansion of residential areas outside of cities, often characterized by mass-produced houses.

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Consumer Goods Boom

A significant increase in the availability and consumption of household items after World War II.

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Civil Rights Movement

A period of activism focused on ending racial discrimination and segregation.

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Study Notes

Economic Perspectives

  • John Kenneth Galbraith criticized the belief that economic growth alone could resolve social issues, advocating for wealthier individuals to invest more in societal welfare.
  • Keynesian economics, formulated by John Maynard Keynes, promotes increased government spending during economic downturns and reduced spending in times of growth.

Housing and Urban Development

  • The Federal Housing Administration (FHA) was founded in 1943, aiming to boost home ownership by providing insurance for lenders against default risks, facilitating easier access to loans for consumers.
  • Levittown exemplified post-WWII suburbia, utilizing mass production techniques to construct affordable homes and address housing shortages.

Consumer Culture Post-WWII

  • Postwar America saw a surge in consumer goods, including household appliances, automobiles, and televisions, coupled with an increase in advertisement targeting consumerism.
  • The television emerged as a dominant source of information and entertainment by the late 1950s, skyrocketing from 17,000 units in 1946 to 40 million by 1957.

Civil Rights and Social Movements

  • Brown v. Board of Education (1954) nullified Plessy v. Ferguson, declaring that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, leading to desegregation.
  • The Montgomery Bus Boycott initiated in 1955 after Rosa Parks' arrest resulted in a Supreme Court ruling that outlawed public transportation segregation.

Segregation and Discrimination

  • Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation throughout the Southern United States, leading to systemic discrimination.
  • Redlining practices denied mortgage loans in certain neighborhoods based on racial demographics, contributing to urban segregation and decay.

Cultural Influences and the Youth

  • The Baby Boom refers to the rapid increase in birth rates post-World War II, with around 78.3 million Americans born during this time.
  • Elvis Presley emerged as a cultural icon of the 1950s rock-and-roll movement, signaling a new youth culture and challenging conservative societal norms.

Literature and Lifestyle

  • The Beat Generation, consisting of writers like Ginsberg and Kerouac, rejected mainstream values and explored alternative lifestyles, including drug use and Eastern spirituality.
  • Dr. Spock’s parenting guide emphasized child individuality and flexibility, influencing postwar child-rearing practices.

Political Landscape

  • Eisenhower's election as a Republican was marked by his popularity, leading to two successful terms and the "Middle of the Road" policy, which aimed for bipartisanship.
  • Conservatives focused on personal responsibility, free markets, and preserving traditional values, while liberals advocated for government intervention to promote equality and civil liberties.

National Defense and Infrastructure

  • Massive Retaliation was Eisenhower's defense strategy for the 1950s, threatening nuclear retaliation against any aggression from adversaries.
  • The National Interstate and Defense Highways Act of 1956 allocated funds for the construction of 42,500 miles of highways across the United States, enhancing national infrastructure.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts from Chapter 26 of American Yawp. This quiz features important terms and definitions including John Kenneth Galbraith's economic theories and the role of the Federal Housing Administration in homeownership.

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