Podcast
Questions and Answers
How did the United States exert itself in the service of American interests around the world after the American Civil War?
How did the United States exert itself in the service of American interests around the world after the American Civil War?
- By using military force exclusively to conquer new territories.
- Through a combination of military interventions, economic influence, and cultural exchange. (correct)
- Through diplomacy and peaceful negotiations only.
- By establishing colonies and imposing direct control over foreign governments.
What were the main areas of focus for American interventions in the late 19th century?
What were the main areas of focus for American interventions in the late 19th century?
- North America, Australia, and the Indian Ocean.
- The Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East. (correct)
- Africa, Europe, and South America.
- The Caribbean, Central Asia, and the Arctic.
What aspect of American identity became a focal point alongside imperialism in the late 19th century?
What aspect of American identity became a focal point alongside imperialism in the late 19th century?
- The need for universal suffrage for all citizens.
- The pursuit of a purely agrarian economy.
- The definition of who qualifies as an 'American'. (correct)
- The importance of religious freedom for all immigrants.
What was the United States' main goal in intervening in foreign governments, according to the text?
What was the United States' main goal in intervening in foreign governments, according to the text?
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the text's perspective on American imperialism?
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the text's perspective on American imperialism?
Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a specific example of American intervention in the late 19th century?
Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a specific example of American intervention in the late 19th century?
How did the rise of immigration in the late 19th century relate to the debate about American imperialism?
How did the rise of immigration in the late 19th century relate to the debate about American imperialism?
What is the main argument presented in the text about the United States in the late 19th century?
What is the main argument presented in the text about the United States in the late 19th century?
What was the primary form of American involvement in the Middle East before World War I?
What was the primary form of American involvement in the Middle East before World War I?
Which of the following institutions was NOT founded by American missionaries?
Which of the following institutions was NOT founded by American missionaries?
The Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars marked a turning point in American involvement abroad because they:
The Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars marked a turning point in American involvement abroad because they:
What was the key ideological debate that arose as a result of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars?
What was the key ideological debate that arose as a result of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars?
What was the policy implemented by Spanish General Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau in Cuba?
What was the policy implemented by Spanish General Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau in Cuba?
What was the role of the yellow press in the lead up to the Spanish-American War?
What was the role of the yellow press in the lead up to the Spanish-American War?
What was the significance of Theodore Roosevelt's actions in the Spanish-American War?
What was the significance of Theodore Roosevelt's actions in the Spanish-American War?
What was the outcome of the Spanish-American War for the US?
What was the outcome of the Spanish-American War for the US?
How did the US public respond to the Spanish-American War?
How did the US public respond to the Spanish-American War?
Which of the following individuals embraced the idea of American imperialism after the Spanish-American War?
Which of the following individuals embraced the idea of American imperialism after the Spanish-American War?
Which of these best describes the nature of the Spanish-American War?
Which of these best describes the nature of the Spanish-American War?
What lasting effects did the Spanish-American War have on the US?
What lasting effects did the Spanish-American War have on the US?
What was the primary reason for the US to send the battleship Maine to Havana harbor?
What was the primary reason for the US to send the battleship Maine to Havana harbor?
What is the significance of the phrase 'Cuba Libre!'?
What is the significance of the phrase 'Cuba Libre!'?
The text mentions that Americans began to turn their attention southward to problems plaguing Cuba. What are those problems?
The text mentions that Americans began to turn their attention southward to problems plaguing Cuba. What are those problems?
What was the primary reason for the US Congress officially declaring war on Spain?
What was the primary reason for the US Congress officially declaring war on Spain?
What was the primary reason for the United States' acquisition of the Philippines?
What was the primary reason for the United States' acquisition of the Philippines?
Which of the following was NOT a concern of those opposed to American imperialism?
Which of the following was NOT a concern of those opposed to American imperialism?
What was the key event that ultimately led to the Philippine-American War?
What was the key event that ultimately led to the Philippine-American War?
How did the Philippine-American War resemble the American Indian Wars?
How did the Philippine-American War resemble the American Indian Wars?
What role did the Philippine Commission play in America's colonial administration?
What role did the Philippine Commission play in America's colonial administration?
How did the public perceive the Philippine-American War?
How did the public perceive the Philippine-American War?
What was the main argument of those who supported American expansion?
What was the main argument of those who supported American expansion?
Which of the following individuals was NOT involved in the debate about American imperialism?
Which of the following individuals was NOT involved in the debate about American imperialism?
How did the American Anti-Imperialist League view American imperialism?
How did the American Anti-Imperialist League view American imperialism?
What was the main argument put forward by those who saw American imperialism as the natural extension of westward expansion?
What was the main argument put forward by those who saw American imperialism as the natural extension of westward expansion?
What was the main focus of those who saw American expansion as a way to reenergize the nation?
What was the main focus of those who saw American expansion as a way to reenergize the nation?
Which of the following was NOT a concern raised by those who opposed American imperialism on the grounds of American racial identity?
Which of the following was NOT a concern raised by those who opposed American imperialism on the grounds of American racial identity?
What does the quote by Mr. Dooley, the fictional Irish-American barkeeper, highlight about American attitudes towards the Philippines?
What does the quote by Mr. Dooley, the fictional Irish-American barkeeper, highlight about American attitudes towards the Philippines?
Why did the Filipino Insurrection, or the Philippine-American War, become a brutal conflict?
Why did the Filipino Insurrection, or the Philippine-American War, become a brutal conflict?
How did the events of the Spanish-American War impact debates about American imperialism?
How did the events of the Spanish-American War impact debates about American imperialism?
Which of the following statements best describes the outcome of the debate about American imperialism?
Which of the following statements best describes the outcome of the debate about American imperialism?
What was the primary motivation behind the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?
What was the primary motivation behind the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?
What was the main economic strategy used by the U.S. government to exert influence in Latin America during the early 20th century?
What was the main economic strategy used by the U.S. government to exert influence in Latin America during the early 20th century?
How did the rise of Latin American debt contribute to instability in the region?
How did the rise of Latin American debt contribute to instability in the region?
What was the main reason for the Roosevelt administration's involvement in Latin American affairs?
What was the main reason for the Roosevelt administration's involvement in Latin American affairs?
What was the main threat posed by European intervention in Latin America?
What was the main threat posed by European intervention in Latin America?
Which of the following was NOT a factor in the debate over American imperialism during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
Which of the following was NOT a factor in the debate over American imperialism during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
What is the main argument about the role of women in American imperialism, according to the text?
What is the main argument about the role of women in American imperialism, according to the text?
How did Margaret McLeod's work for the H.J.Heinz Company demonstrate the role of women in American imperialism?
How did Margaret McLeod's work for the H.J.Heinz Company demonstrate the role of women in American imperialism?
What was the primary method utilized by the United States in its strategy for building “order and civilization” in Latin America?
What was the primary method utilized by the United States in its strategy for building “order and civilization” in Latin America?
What was Roosevelt's view on the use of military intervention in Latin America?
What was Roosevelt's view on the use of military intervention in Latin America?
The text suggests that the United States' approach to Latin America was primarily driven by which of the following?
The text suggests that the United States' approach to Latin America was primarily driven by which of the following?
Why did the U.S. government find it necessary to intervene in countries like Cuba and the Dominican Republic?
Why did the U.S. government find it necessary to intervene in countries like Cuba and the Dominican Republic?
What was the main difference between President Monroe's Doctrine and President Roosevelt's Corollary?
What was the main difference between President Monroe's Doctrine and President Roosevelt's Corollary?
How did the United States' involvement in the Russo-Japanese War demonstrate its stance on foreign policy?
How did the United States' involvement in the Russo-Japanese War demonstrate its stance on foreign policy?
What is the main argument presented in the text regarding the U.S. involvement in Latin America during the early 20th century?
What is the main argument presented in the text regarding the U.S. involvement in Latin America during the early 20th century?
What was the main motivation behind the Open Door Policy?
What was the main motivation behind the Open Door Policy?
What event in the early 20th century led to the intervention of American troops in China?
What event in the early 20th century led to the intervention of American troops in China?
How did the Guano Islands Act of 1856 contribute to American expansion?
How did the Guano Islands Act of 1856 contribute to American expansion?
What role did American missionaries play in expanding U.S. influence in the Pacific?
What role did American missionaries play in expanding U.S. influence in the Pacific?
Which of the following describes the relationship between the United States and Mexico in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
Which of the following describes the relationship between the United States and Mexico in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
What was the primary reason behind Woodrow Wilson's decision to intervene in Mexico in 1914?
What was the primary reason behind Woodrow Wilson's decision to intervene in Mexico in 1914?
Why did General John J. Pershing's expedition to capture Pancho Villa ultimately fail?
Why did General John J. Pershing's expedition to capture Pancho Villa ultimately fail?
What is the significance of Mark Twain's observations about American travelers in the Middle East?
What is the significance of Mark Twain's observations about American travelers in the Middle East?
Which of the following is NOT a key factor that influenced American foreign policy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
Which of the following is NOT a key factor that influenced American foreign policy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
How did the U.S. government's actions during the Mexican Revolution exemplify its foreign policy approach?
How did the U.S. government's actions during the Mexican Revolution exemplify its foreign policy approach?
What distinguishes American interactions in the Pacific from those in the Middle East during the late 19th century?
What distinguishes American interactions in the Pacific from those in the Middle East during the late 19th century?
What did the U.S. acquire in the late 19th Century from its interactions in the Pacific and Latin America?
What did the U.S. acquire in the late 19th Century from its interactions in the Pacific and Latin America?
In what ways did the U.S. assert its presence in Latin America during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
In what ways did the U.S. assert its presence in Latin America during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
What role did geography play in shaping American imperialism?
What role did geography play in shaping American imperialism?
What event led to the U.S. president being able to send troops into action around the world without consulting Congress?
What event led to the U.S. president being able to send troops into action around the world without consulting Congress?
Which of the following is NOT a key feature of the Open Door Policy?
Which of the following is NOT a key feature of the Open Door Policy?
What was one approach advocated by the Americanists regarding Catholic immigrants?
What was one approach advocated by the Americanists regarding Catholic immigrants?
Which group expressed frustrations about Irish dominance in the Catholic Church hierarchy?
Which group expressed frustrations about Irish dominance in the Catholic Church hierarchy?
What major concern did conservative clergy have regarding assimilation?
What major concern did conservative clergy have regarding assimilation?
What did Pope Leo XIII remind the Americanists in his encyclical?
What did Pope Leo XIII remind the Americanists in his encyclical?
What historical event did Mary Tape fight for regarding her daughter's education?
What historical event did Mary Tape fight for regarding her daughter's education?
What was the outcome of the Tape v. Hurley case for Mary Tape?
What was the outcome of the Tape v. Hurley case for Mary Tape?
What concern was voiced by some regarding America's growing imperialism?
What concern was voiced by some regarding America's growing imperialism?
How did the Catholic Church approach the issue of ethnic parishes?
How did the Catholic Church approach the issue of ethnic parishes?
What was a significant outcome of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars for African American troops?
What was a significant outcome of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars for African American troops?
What role did the yellow press play leading up to the Spanish-American War?
What role did the yellow press play leading up to the Spanish-American War?
What did many Americans think about public schools in relation to Protestantism?
What did many Americans think about public schools in relation to Protestantism?
What primary issue did immigrants face in American society during the late 19th century?
What primary issue did immigrants face in American society during the late 19th century?
What was the primary concern expressed by Sanborn regarding immigration?
What was the primary concern expressed by Sanborn regarding immigration?
Which group was specifically targeted by the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
Which group was specifically targeted by the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
The Immigration Act of 1882 denied admission primarily to which type of individuals?
The Immigration Act of 1882 denied admission primarily to which type of individuals?
What common perception did many Americans hold about the new immigrants from southern and eastern Europe?
What common perception did many Americans hold about the new immigrants from southern and eastern Europe?
What role did California play in the immigration debate of the late nineteenth century?
What role did California play in the immigration debate of the late nineteenth century?
Which piece of legislation banned the entry of certain Asian laborers?
Which piece of legislation banned the entry of certain Asian laborers?
How did the U.S. Immigration Commission view new immigrants in its 1911 report?
How did the U.S. Immigration Commission view new immigrants in its 1911 report?
What was a significant act of racial hostility towards Chinese immigrants in the mid-nineteenth century?
What was a significant act of racial hostility towards Chinese immigrants in the mid-nineteenth century?
Who did some politicians believe immigration restriction was necessary for?
Who did some politicians believe immigration restriction was necessary for?
Which characteristic did detractors associate with the new immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe?
Which characteristic did detractors associate with the new immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe?
What was one reason the Immigration Act was expanded in 1885?
What was one reason the Immigration Act was expanded in 1885?
What was a key outcome of the Gentlemen's Agreement in 1907?
What was a key outcome of the Gentlemen's Agreement in 1907?
Which of the following conditions was NOT a reason for denying immigrant admission in the early immigration laws?
Which of the following conditions was NOT a reason for denying immigrant admission in the early immigration laws?
What perceived allegiance issue did Protestants have towards Catholic immigrants?
What perceived allegiance issue did Protestants have towards Catholic immigrants?
What roles could women play in U.S. imperialism according to the content?
What roles could women play in U.S. imperialism according to the content?
How was civilization viewed in relation to gender during the era of imperialism?
How was civilization viewed in relation to gender during the era of imperialism?
What product was Margaret McLeod hired to demonstrate as part of the consumption practices associated with imperialism?
What product was Margaret McLeod hired to demonstrate as part of the consumption practices associated with imperialism?
What was a common concern among nativists regarding immigrants in the late 19th century?
What was a common concern among nativists regarding immigrants in the late 19th century?
How did white women often view their role in relation to imperialism?
How did white women often view their role in relation to imperialism?
What was one outcome of the association between imperialism and immigration?
What was one outcome of the association between imperialism and immigration?
How did organizations like the Anti-Imperialist League contribute to the discourse surrounding imperialism?
How did organizations like the Anti-Imperialist League contribute to the discourse surrounding imperialism?
What characterized the racial theory regarding progression through civilization during the imperial era?
What characterized the racial theory regarding progression through civilization during the imperial era?
Why was there anxiety among native-born Americans regarding immigration?
Why was there anxiety among native-born Americans regarding immigration?
What was a key element of the economic aspect of civilization during the imperialism period?
What was a key element of the economic aspect of civilization during the imperialism period?
Which demographic was seen to grow significantly in the U.S. between 1870 and 1920?
Which demographic was seen to grow significantly in the U.S. between 1870 and 1920?
What type of activism did Ida B. Wells engage in related to imperialism?
What type of activism did Ida B. Wells engage in related to imperialism?
What economic need drove U.S. imperialism during this period?
What economic need drove U.S. imperialism during this period?
What group made up a significant percentage of the immigrant population that arrived in the U.S. by the early 20th century?
What group made up a significant percentage of the immigrant population that arrived in the U.S. by the early 20th century?
What was the general attitude towards industrialization among native-born Americans in the context of immigration?
What was the general attitude towards industrialization among native-born Americans in the context of immigration?
Which of the following was NOT a reason Theodore Roosevelt advocated for annexing Hawaii?
Which of the following was NOT a reason Theodore Roosevelt advocated for annexing Hawaii?
Flashcards
American Empire
American Empire
The concept of the United States expanding its influence and control globally post-independence.
American Imperialism
American Imperialism
The practice of American interventions in foreign nations to assert power and protect interests.
Spanish-American War
Spanish-American War
A conflict in 1898 where the US intervened in Cuba, marking a significant step in American imperialism.
Theodore Roosevelt's Foreign Policy
Theodore Roosevelt's Foreign Policy
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Immigration and American Identity
Immigration and American Identity
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America's Economic Interests Abroad
America's Economic Interests Abroad
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Interventions in Mexico and China
Interventions in Mexico and China
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Cultural Exchange
Cultural Exchange
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Open Door Policy
Open Door Policy
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Boxer Rebellion
Boxer Rebellion
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Guano Islands Act
Guano Islands Act
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Insular territories
Insular territories
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American missionaries in Hawaii
American missionaries in Hawaii
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'Big Five' in Hawaii
'Big Five' in Hawaii
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Porfirio Diaz
Porfirio Diaz
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Francisco Madero
Francisco Madero
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Woodrow Wilson's intervention
Woodrow Wilson's intervention
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Veracruz invasion
Veracruz invasion
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Pancho Villa
Pancho Villa
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John J. Pershing
John J. Pershing
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American imperialism in Latin America
American imperialism in Latin America
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Mark Twain's travelogue
Mark Twain's travelogue
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U.S. and Middle East Relations
U.S. and Middle East Relations
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American missionaries
American missionaries
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First Protestant missionaries
First Protestant missionaries
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Robert College
Robert College
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American University of Beirut
American University of Beirut
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Philippine-American War
Philippine-American War
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Cuba Libre
Cuba Libre
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Battleship Maine
Battleship Maine
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Yellow journalism
Yellow journalism
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Treaty of Paris 1898
Treaty of Paris 1898
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Commodore George Dewey
Commodore George Dewey
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Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt
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Imperialism in America
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Lyman Abbott
Lyman Abbott
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Albert J. Beveridge
Albert J. Beveridge
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Hawaiian Annexation
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Philippine Insurrection
Philippine Insurrection
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Emilio Aguinaldo
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Battle of Manila Bay
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Tensions in the Philippines
Tensions in the Philippines
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Anti-Imperialist League
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Civilizing Mission
Civilizing Mission
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William H. Taft
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Public Sentiment
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Guerrilla Warfare
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Colonial Occupation
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Racial Identity Concerns
Racial Identity Concerns
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Women's Roles in Imperialism
Women's Roles in Imperialism
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Gendered Rhetoric of Civilization
Gendered Rhetoric of Civilization
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Stages of Civilization
Stages of Civilization
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Economic Character of Civilization
Economic Character of Civilization
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White Women's Symbolism
White Women's Symbolism
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Margaret McLeod's Demonstration
Margaret McLeod's Demonstration
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Women's Work in America
Women's Work in America
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Opposition to Imperialism
Opposition to Imperialism
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Jane Addams
Jane Addams
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Ida B. Wells
Ida B. Wells
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Connection of Imperialism and Immigration
Connection of Imperialism and Immigration
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Nativist Opposition to Immigration
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Chicago Haymarket Affair
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Regulatory Immigration Legislation
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Immigrant Arrival Statistics
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Dollar Diplomacy
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Roosevelt Corollary
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Monroe Doctrine
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Civilizing Influence
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Imperialism and Women's Roles
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International Intervention
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Economic Interests in Latin America
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Instability in Latin America
Instability in Latin America
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Direct US Intervention
Direct US Intervention
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Debt Collection Issues
Debt Collection Issues
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Trade and Civilization
Trade and Civilization
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Roosevelt's Peace Efforts
Roosevelt's Peace Efforts
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Loans and Interest Rates
Loans and Interest Rates
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American Sphere of Influence
American Sphere of Influence
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Military Power for National Interests
Military Power for National Interests
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The Great White Fleet
The Great White Fleet
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Gunboat Diplomacy
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Military Intervention
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Alfred Thayer Mahan
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Cuban Independence
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Panama Canal
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Imperialism Justifications
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Czolgosz Assassination
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Intervention in Dominican Republic
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Catholic Immigration
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Americanists
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Ethnic Parishes
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Pope Leo XIII
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Conflict of Cultures
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Mary Tape
Mary Tape
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Tape v. Hurley
Tape v. Hurley
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Lee Chew
Lee Chew
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African American Troops
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Imperialism Debate
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Joseph Pulitzer
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Public Schools
Public Schools
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Assimilation Concerns
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Cultural Tensions
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Immigrant Catholic Identity
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Sanborn's Advocacy
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Chinese Exclusion Act
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Page Act of 1875
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Immigration Act of 1882
Immigration Act of 1882
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Shifting Demographics
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American Immigration Commission
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Gentlemen's Agreement
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Anti-Catholicism
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Racial Hostility in California
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Excludable Immigrant Groups
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Legal Framework for Immigration
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Labor Contracts and Immigration
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Assimilation Challenges
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Social Problems Associated with Immigrants
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Protestant America
Protestant America
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Study Notes
American Imperialism at the Turn of the 20th Century
- The U.S., following independence from the British Empire, engaged in actions resembling imperialism in the Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East.
- This expansion was driven by economic interests, trade, and cultural exchange, most evident in the Spanish-American War and policies during the Roosevelt and Taft administrations.
- The U.S. acquired territories including Cuba, Philippines, Hawaii, Guam, and Puerto Rico, alongside increasing immigration.
- This raised questions about American identity, citizenship, and the nation's obligations to foreign peoples.
- American interventions in Mexico, China, and the Middle East focused on protecting economic interests.
- In 1899, the Open Door Policy was articulated to ensure equal access to Chinese markets for the U.S.
- The Boxer Rebellion in 1900 saw U.S. troops intervening to maintain trade access in China, setting a precedent for presidential military deployments.
- The U.S. gained its first Pacific territories through the Guano Islands Act of 1856.
- American missionaries had a large presence in Hawaii and Asia and often supported business initiatives, impacting local economies.
- U.S. investments in Mexico during the reign of Porfirio Diaz were challenged by the Mexican Revolution.
- Intervention actions, like the U.S. occupation of Veracruz, and the Pershing expedition to capture Pancho Villa, reflected growing American involvement.
- The U.S. actions during this time significantly impacted regional relations and economic policies.
- American missionary activity in the Middle East established educational and humanitarian institutions, in addition to limited American trade.
- The Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars (1898-1902) were crucial in expanding the U.S. global reach.
- The U.S. acquisition of territories—Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines—from Spain escalated debates about imperialism.
- Debates surrounding American imperialism emerged in response to debates around American identity (should the US become an empire?) and the nation's role in foreign affairs.
- The Philippine-American War (1899-1902), with its brutal guerrilla warfare, was a significant event in highlighting the conflict between American aims and Filipino aspirations for independence.
- The actions and opinions of individuals such as Theodore Roosevelt, John Hay, Albert J. Beveridge, Mark Twain, and Andrew Carnegie shaped public debate around imperialism.
Theodore Roosevelt and American Imperialism
- Theodore Roosevelt became a leading proponent of American imperialism in the early 20th century, emphasized naval strength, and advocated for annexing Hawaii and intervening in Latin America.
- The Great White Fleet mission (1907-1909) showcased American naval power globally.
- The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine asserted U.S. police power in the Caribbean and Latin America, justifying interventions to maintain stability.
- This approach included both military intervention and "dollar diplomacy"—using financial influence to exert control.
- Dollar diplomacy involved providing loans to Latin American nations in exchange for influence over their finances, often supporting American economic interests.
- Roosevelt justified U.S. involvement as a necessity to promote order and civilization, in contrast to the instability of many Latin American nations.
Women and Imperialism
- American women played a role in U.S. imperialism in various capacities, including as representatives of American business like Margaret McLeod and missionaries, teachers, and medical professionals.
- Women participated in both imperialist and anti-imperialist activities.
- The rhetoric of "civilization" was linked to women's roles, with white women seen as agents of American cultural influence.
- The desire to control markets for American goods was often linked to imperialist motives.
- Some women actively opposed imperialism through organizations like the Anti-Imperialist League.
Immigration and Imperialism
- Massive immigration (over 25 million immigrants between 1870 and 1920) coincided with the rise of American imperialism.
- This created tensions about American identity and fueled nativist opposition to immigration.
- Immigration restrictions, such as the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, focused on certain groups based on race and perceived threats to culture, economics, and society.
- Debates around immigration were linked to debates about American imperialism as both concepts focused significantly on managing "others."
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