Questions and Answers
Which building is NOT an example of neoclassic architecture in Manila?
What artistic style is Fernando Amorsolo most renowned for?
What is the significant symbol represented by the Oblation statue?
What historical event led to the establishment of American colonial government in the Philippines?
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Which of the following artists is known for the Bonifacio Monument?
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What characteristic defines the Dalagang Bukid as depicted by Amorsolo?
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Which of the following plays was authored by Juan Abad?
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What was a major influence on Filipino culture during the American colonization period?
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What year was Guillermo Tolentino proclaimed as a National Artist?
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What form of theater was introduced to the Philippines by the Americans in the 1920s?
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Which painting by Victorio Edades is noted for its distorted figures of toiling workers?
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Who was commissioned by the American government to design the city planning of Manila and Baguio?
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Which architectural influence did Filipino architects like Tomas Mapua and Juan Arellano primarily receive?
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What legislative act restricted Filipino playwrights during the American colonial period?
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What theme was commonly reflected in plays written during the American colonial period?
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Which plan inspired the city designs introduced in the Philippines during the American colonial period?
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Study Notes
American Colonial Period and Influence on Arts
- The Philippines transitioned from Spanish to American colonial rule following the Treaty of Paris in 1898, ending the independence gained after the 1896 revolution.
- The Philippine-American War (1899-1913) caused significant loss of life and established a new colonial government that influenced Filipino culture.
- American colonization introduced new educational and governmental systems, transforming the Filipino way of life.
Changes in Literature and Theater
- The "sedition law" imposed censorship on materials promoting Philippine independence, challenging playwrights.
- Significant plays from this period include:
- "Tanikalang Ginto" (Golden Chain) by Juan Abad (1902)
- "Hindi Ako Patay" (I Am Not Dead) by Juan Matapang Cruz (1903)
- "Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas" (Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow) by Aurelio Tolentino (1903)
- These plays expressed nationalist sentiments and functioned as political protest against American rule.
- Filipino playwrights began composing works in English, with Jesus Araullo's "A Modern Filipina" being the first Filipino play in English.
- "Vaudeville," a theatrical form from France, gained popularity in the Philippines during the 1920s and evolved into "Bodabil," characterized by diverse performances.
Urban Planning and Architecture
- Daniel Burnham was tasked with designing Manila and Baguio, implemented by architect William Parsons, inspired by the City Beautiful Movement.
- Neoclassic architectural examples in Manila include the Post Office and the Legislative Building (now the National Art Gallery).
- Filipino architects like Tomas Mapua, Juan Arellano, Andres Luna de San Pedro, and Antonio Toledo designed various structures and were trained in the US or Europe.
Prominent Artists
- Fernando Amorsolo is celebrated as a Nationalist artist, renowned for romantic paintings showcasing Philippine sunlight and idealized scenes of Filipino beauty, particularly "Dalagang Bukid" as his muse.
- Amorsolo created numerous portraits, landscapes, and historical paintings, and contributed to educational materials as a graphic artist.
- Guillermo Tolentino, known as the "Father of Philippine Arts," crafted iconic sculptures including "The Oblation" representing selfless offering and the "Bonifacio Monument."
- Victorio Edades, a modern artist, studied in the U.S. and shifted perspectives in art with works like "The Builder," illustrating distorted figures of workers and employing muted colors.
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Description
Explore the impact of American colonial rule on Philippine arts, particularly literature and theater, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. From censorship laws to significant plays reflecting nationalist sentiments, this quiz delves into a transformative period in Filipino culture.
