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Questions and Answers
What was a major consequence of the 13th Amendment?
Which amendment granted African American men the right to vote?
What was one goal of the Radical Republicans during Reconstruction?
What was the purpose of the Compromise of 1877?
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What were the primary advantages of the North during the Civil War?
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What was a key disadvantage of the South during the Civil War?
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What was the primary purpose of the 14th Amendment?
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Which factor contributed to the rise of Radical Republicans during the Reconstruction Era?
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What was a significant result of the Compromise of 1877?
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Which Amendment to the Constitution prohibits slavery and involuntary servitude?
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Study Notes
Civil War Overview
- Conflict (1861-1865) primarily between the Northern states (Union) and Southern states (Confederacy) over issues like slavery and states' rights.
- Major battles: Gettysburg, Antietam, and Fort Sumter marked pivotal moments in the war.
Compromises During the Civil War
- Missouri Compromise (1820) sought to balance slave and free states.
- Compromise of 1850 allowed California to enter as a free state, strengthening the Fugitive Slave Law.
- Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) introduced popular sovereignty, leading to violent clashes known as "Bleeding Kansas."
Advantages and Disadvantages of the North
- Advantages: Larger population, industrial economy, extensive railroad network, and organized navy.
- Disadvantages: Less familiarity with military tactics and less experienced military leadership initially.
Advantages and Disadvantages of the South
- Advantages: Strong military tradition, top military leaders (e.g., Robert E. Lee), and fighting on familiar territory.
- Disadvantages: Smaller population, agrarian economy, fewer factories, and limited transportation infrastructure.
Reconstruction Era (1865-1877)
- Aimed to rebuild the South and integrate freed slaves into society post-Civil War.
- Involved significant amendments to the Constitution and a power struggle between Congress and President Andrew Johnson.
13th Amendment
- Ratified in 1865, it abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.
14th Amendment
- Ratified in 1868, it granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S., including former slaves.
- Established equal protection under the law and due process rights.
15th Amendment
- Ratified in 1870, it aimed to protect the voting rights of African American men by prohibiting denial based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
Radical Republicans
- A faction within the Republican Party that advocated for strong measures against the South and protection of African American rights during Reconstruction.
Reconstruction Plans
- Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan allowed Southern states to rejoin the Union once 10% of the voters pledged loyalty.
- Congressional plan, led by Radical Republicans, was more stringent, imposing military rule and requiring new state constitutions guaranteeing African American rights.
Compromise of 1877
- Ended Reconstruction; in exchange for electoral votes, Republicans agreed to remove federal troops from the South.
- Resulted in the resurgence of white Democratic control and the establishment of Jim Crow laws, leading to widespread disenfranchisement of Black citizens.
Civil War Overview
- Conflict (1861-1865) primarily between the Northern states (Union) and Southern states (Confederacy) over issues like slavery and states' rights.
- Major battles: Gettysburg, Antietam, and Fort Sumter marked pivotal moments in the war.
Compromises During the Civil War
- Missouri Compromise (1820) sought to balance slave and free states.
- Compromise of 1850 allowed California to enter as a free state, strengthening the Fugitive Slave Law.
- Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) introduced popular sovereignty, leading to violent clashes known as "Bleeding Kansas."
Advantages and Disadvantages of the North
- Advantages: Larger population, industrial economy, extensive railroad network, and organized navy.
- Disadvantages: Less familiarity with military tactics and less experienced military leadership initially.
Advantages and Disadvantages of the South
- Advantages: Strong military tradition, top military leaders (e.g., Robert E. Lee), and fighting on familiar territory.
- Disadvantages: Smaller population, agrarian economy, fewer factories, and limited transportation infrastructure.
Reconstruction Era (1865-1877)
- Aimed to rebuild the South and integrate freed slaves into society post-Civil War.
- Involved significant amendments to the Constitution and a power struggle between Congress and President Andrew Johnson.
13th Amendment
- Ratified in 1865, it abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.
14th Amendment
- Ratified in 1868, it granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S., including former slaves.
- Established equal protection under the law and due process rights.
15th Amendment
- Ratified in 1870, it aimed to protect the voting rights of African American men by prohibiting denial based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
Radical Republicans
- A faction within the Republican Party that advocated for strong measures against the South and protection of African American rights during Reconstruction.
Reconstruction Plans
- Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan allowed Southern states to rejoin the Union once 10% of the voters pledged loyalty.
- Congressional plan, led by Radical Republicans, was more stringent, imposing military rule and requiring new state constitutions guaranteeing African American rights.
Compromise of 1877
- Ended Reconstruction; in exchange for electoral votes, Republicans agreed to remove federal troops from the South.
- Resulted in the resurgence of white Democratic control and the establishment of Jim Crow laws, leading to widespread disenfranchisement of Black citizens.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Civil War, including the key compromises, advantages and disadvantages faced by the North and South. Explore the Reconstruction Era, focusing on the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments, as well as the role of Radical Republicans and the Compromise of 1877.
