24 Questions
What percentage of all Alzheimer's Disease (AD) cases does Familial AD account for?
Less than 2%
Which neuropathologic and biochemical changes interfere with neurotransmission in AD?
Neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques
Which neurotransmitter is principally affected by AD at the cellular level?
Acetylcholine
What kind of memory processing is specifically involved with the decreased enzyme in AD?
Memory processing
What do scientists focus on in relation to AD risk?
Whether a gene might influence a person’s overall risk of developing the disease
In the early stages of AD, what kind of memory loss occurs?
Subtle memory loss
What happens to the deficits as AD progresses further?
They can no longer be concealed
What abilities do patients with AD lose as the disease progresses?
Ability to recognize familiar faces, places, and objects
What difficulties occur in conversation for patients with AD?
Word-finding difficulties
What happens to the ability to formulate concepts and think abstractly in patients with AD?
It disappears
What kind of behavior do patients with AD exhibit due to their inability to recognize consequences?
Impulsive behavior
In the terminal stage of AD, what kind of care do patients usually require?
Total care
What is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States?
Alzheimer Disease (AD)
At what age does Alzheimer Disease (AD) become the fifth leading cause of death in the United States?
65 years and older
What is the estimated number of Americans projected to have Alzheimer Disease (AD) by 2050?
13.8 million
At what age can Alzheimer Disease (AD) occur in people, although less commonly before 65 years of age?
40 years
What is the greatest risk factor for Alzheimer Disease (AD)?
Increasing age
What are the two types of Alzheimer Disease (AD)?
Familial or early-onset AD and sporadic or late-onset AD
What is the prevalence of Alzheimer Disease (AD) among those 85 years and older?
Affecting as many as half of those 85 years and older
What is Alzheimer Disease (AD) characterized by?
Gradual losses of cognitive function and disturbances in behavior and affect
What is the estimated number of Americans projected to have Alzheimer Disease (AD) by 2050?
13.8 million
What are some factors that may determine whether a person suffers from Alzheimer Disease (AD)?
Genetics, neurotransmitter changes, vascular abnormalities, stress hormones
Is Alzheimer Disease (AD) a normal part of aging?
No, it is not a normal part of aging
What is the classification of Alzheimer Disease (AD) based on the age of onset?
Familial or early-onset AD and sporadic or late-onset AD
Study Notes
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Overview
- Familial AD accounts for less than 1% of all Alzheimer's Disease cases.
Neuropathologic and Biochemical Changes
- Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles interfere with neurotransmission in AD.
- These changes affect the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is principally affected by AD at the cellular level.
Memory Processing
- The decreased enzyme in AD is involved in short-term memory processing.
Risk Factors
- Scientists focus on genetic and lifestyle factors, such as education level, exercise, and social engagement, in relation to AD risk.
Stages of Alzheimer's Disease
- In the early stages of AD, short-term memory loss occurs.
- As AD progresses, deficits worsen and become more widespread.
- Patients with AD lose abilities such as judgment, decision-making, and problem-solving.
- They experience difficulties in conversation, such as struggling to find the right words.
- The ability to formulate concepts and think abstractly is also impaired.
Behavioral Changes
- Patients with AD exhibit impulsive behavior due to their inability to recognize consequences.
Terminal Stage
- In the terminal stage of AD, patients usually require total care and support.
Prevalence and Mortality
- Alzheimer's Disease is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States.
- By age 75, AD becomes the fifth leading cause of death.
- It is estimated that 13.8 million Americans will have AD by 2050.
- AD can occur at any age, although it is less common before 65 years old.
- The greatest risk factor for AD is age.
Types of Alzheimer's Disease
- There are two types of AD: Early-Onset AD (EOAD) and Late-Onset AD (LOAD).
Age-Specific Prevalence
- The prevalence of AD among those 85 years and older is nearly 50%.
Disease Characteristics
- Alzheimer's Disease is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, memory impairments, and changes in behavior and personality.
Determining Factors
- Factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and medical history may determine whether a person suffers from AD.
Aging and Alzheimer's Disease
- Alzheimer's Disease is not a normal part of aging.
Classification
- Alzheimer's Disease is classified as either Early-Onset (EOAD) or Late-Onset (LOAD) based on the age of onset.
Test your knowledge about Alzheimer's Disease with this informative quiz. Explore the causes, symptoms, and impact of AD, as well as the latest research and treatment options.
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