Alveolar Epithelium and Surfactant Function
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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of the epithelial lining of the alveolar ducts?

  • Stratified squamous epithelium
  • Simple squamous epithelium (correct)
  • Cuboidal epithelium
  • Ciliated columnar epithelium

    • What is the role of smooth muscle in the respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts?

  • Production of mucus
  • Regulation of alveolar air movements (correct)
  • Regulation of blood pressure
  • Support of the respiratory tract structure

    • What is the primary function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

  • Gas exchange between the lungs and the bloodstream (correct)
  • Filtering of air particles
  • Production of surfactant
  • Regulation of air movement

    • What is the structure that forms a common wall between adjacent alveoli?

    <p>Inter-alveolar septa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts?

    <p>Alveolar ducts arise from respiratory bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the structure of the respiratory bronchioles?

    <p>Identical to that of the terminal bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Clara cells in the bronchioles?

    <p>To detoxify harmful substances inhaled into the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic arrangement of smooth muscle cells in the terminal bronchioles?

    <p>Spirally arranged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is absent in the small bronchi?

    <p>Glands and cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of smooth muscle cells in the conducting passages?

    <p>To regulate the diameter of the conducting passages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the epithelium lining the terminal bronchioles?

    <p>Cuboidal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP)?

    <p>To protect the bronchiolar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the air-blood barrier in the gas exchanging region of the lungs?

    <p>To prevent air bubbles from forming in the blood and blood from entering the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell makes up the majority of the alveolar surface area?

    <p>Type I cells (squamous alveolar cells)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of surfactant, a lipoprotein complex secreted by Type II cells?

    <p>To reduce surface tension and prevent alveoli from collapsing during expiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of alveolar macrophages or dust cells?

    <p>To monitor air quality in the lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure formed by the pleura when it folds back onto itself?

    <p>A two-layered, membrane structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components does NOT form part of the air-blood barrier?

    <p>Smooth muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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