Alveolar Epithelium and Surfactant Function
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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of the epithelial lining of the alveolar ducts?

  • Stratified squamous epithelium
  • Simple squamous epithelium (correct)
  • Cuboidal epithelium
  • Ciliated columnar epithelium

What is the role of smooth muscle in the respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts?

  • Production of mucus
  • Regulation of alveolar air movements (correct)
  • Regulation of blood pressure
  • Support of the respiratory tract structure

What is the primary function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

  • Gas exchange between the lungs and the bloodstream (correct)
  • Filtering of air particles
  • Production of surfactant
  • Regulation of air movement

What is the structure that forms a common wall between adjacent alveoli?

<p>Inter-alveolar septa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts?

<p>Alveolar ducts arise from respiratory bronchioles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the structure of the respiratory bronchioles?

<p>Identical to that of the terminal bronchioles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Clara cells in the bronchioles?

<p>To detoxify harmful substances inhaled into the lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic arrangement of smooth muscle cells in the terminal bronchioles?

<p>Spirally arranged (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is absent in the small bronchi?

<p>Glands and cartilage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of smooth muscle cells in the conducting passages?

<p>To regulate the diameter of the conducting passages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the epithelium lining the terminal bronchioles?

<p>Cuboidal epithelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP)?

<p>To protect the bronchiolar epithelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the air-blood barrier in the gas exchanging region of the lungs?

<p>To prevent air bubbles from forming in the blood and blood from entering the alveoli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell makes up the majority of the alveolar surface area?

<p>Type I cells (squamous alveolar cells) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of surfactant, a lipoprotein complex secreted by Type II cells?

<p>To reduce surface tension and prevent alveoli from collapsing during expiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of alveolar macrophages or dust cells?

<p>To monitor air quality in the lung (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure formed by the pleura when it folds back onto itself?

<p>A two-layered, membrane structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components does NOT form part of the air-blood barrier?

<p>Smooth muscle cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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