Alveolar Air Composition
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a topic covered in Chapter 8 on the Respiratory System?

  • Pulmonary Volumes
  • Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Blood
  • Regulation of Pulmonary Ventilation (correct)
  • Gas Exchange in the Alveoli

    • Which figure in Chapter 8 describes the process of diffusion through a membrane?

  • Figure 8.7 (correct)
  • Figure 8.6
  • Figure 8.4
  • Figure 8.9

    • What does the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve represent?

  • The relationship between oxygen saturation and partial pressure of oxygen in the blood (correct)
  • The relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood
  • The relationship between arterial and mixed venous oxygen difference
  • The relationship between oxygen delivery and uptake in the muscles

    • Which of the following is NOT one of the four components of respiration?

    <p>Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide via the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of nasal breathing?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?

    <p>Respiratory bronchioles and alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical structures serve a transport function only, without gas exchange?

    <p>Trachea and bronchial tree</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the relationship between pressure, flow, and resistance in the cardiovascular system?

    <p>$pressure = flow \times resistance$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mean pressure in the pulmonary artery?

    <p>15 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the partial pressure of nitrogen (PN2) in air at sea level?

    <p>600.7 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about oxygen diffusion capacity is true?

    <p>During maximal exercise, the oxygen diffusion capacity may increase by up to three times the resting rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason for the increase in oxygen diffusion capacity during exercise?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate partial pressure gradient between the mean partial pressure of the pulmonary capillary and the alveolar air?

    <p>11 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of pulmonary diffusion?

    <p>Bringing air into the lungs during pulmonary ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the volume of air that can be expired after a maximal inspiration?

    <p>Vital capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During forced or labored inspiration and expiration, which of the following is true?

    <p>The diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about lung volumes and capacities?

    <p>The total lung capacity is the sum of the vital capacity and the residual volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Fick's law, the rate of diffusion through a tissue is proportional to which of the following factors?

    <p>Surface area and difference in partial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pressure gradient for oxygen across the respiratory membrane?

    <p>65 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxygen diffusion capacity at rest?

    <p>21 ml of oxygen per minute per 1 mmHg of pressure difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli?

    <p>105 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During inspiration, the volume inside the lungs increases because

    <p>the external intercostal muscles contract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During expiration, the pressure in the lungs

    <p>increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pressure within the lungs during inspiration is

    <p>less than the air pressure outside the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During forced breathing, expiration becomes a more active process because

    <p>the internal intercostal muscles contract</p> Signup and view all the answers

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