ALS Biomarkers and Neurostimulation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?

  • Degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons (correct)
  • Disruption of blood supply to the brain
  • Progressive myelin loss affecting nerve impulse conduction
  • Progressive loss of dopamine in the basal nuclei
  • What has been observed in early-stage Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?

  • Progressive loss of dopamine in the basal nuclei
  • Increased cortical connectivity (correct)
  • Demyelination of nerve fibers
  • Reduced activation in specific brain areas
  • What is the focus of studies using MRI in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?

  • Finding neural biomarkers (correct)
  • Identifying risk markers of Alzheimer's disease
  • Evaluating medication effectiveness on lesion load
  • Assessing the outcome of aphasia rehabilitation treatment
  • Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?

    <p>Progressive loss of dopamine in the basal nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?

    <p>ALS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neuroimaging technique is used to study Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?

    <p>MRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in its early stages?

    <p>Increased cortical connectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of neurostimulation in the context of ALS?

    <p>To purposefully modulate the nervous system's activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between DBS and tDCS?

    <p>DBS is invasive, while tDCS is non-invasive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of voltage pulses applied by neurostimulation on neurons?

    <p>They cause a depolarization or hyperpolarization of neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the limitation of the current used in tDCS?

    <p>It is not strong enough to trigger an action potential in a neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many studies have tried to find a neural biomarker using MRI for ALS?

    <p>More than 100 studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of dysarthria?

    <p>Social difficulty and depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location of damage in Ataxic dysarthria?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Apraxia of speech that is not shared with Dysarthria?

    <p>Difficulty with planning and coordinating speech movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Flaccid dysarthria?

    <p>Spasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition of weakness of muscles or difficulty in controlling them?

    <p>Dysarthria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following neurological disorders is associated with Dysarthria?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

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