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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
What is the incidence rate of Guillain-Barré Syndrome?
What is the incidence rate of Guillain-Barré Syndrome?
- 1 to 2 per 100,000 people (correct)
- 1 per 1,000 people
- 1 per 100 people
- 1 per 10,000 people
What are the common complications of Guillain-Barré Syndrome?
What are the common complications of Guillain-Barré Syndrome?
- Skin rash, dizziness, nausea
- Respiratory failure, pneumonia, cardiac arrest, autonomic dysfunction (correct)
- Vision problems, hearing loss, cognitive impairment
- Muscle cramps, joint pain, headache
What is the mortality rate of Guillain-Barré Syndrome during the acute phase?
What is the mortality rate of Guillain-Barré Syndrome during the acute phase?
- 0.3-1%
- 3-10% (correct)
- 50-60%
- 20-30%
What percentage of patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome experience near to complete recovery, including walking?
What percentage of patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome experience near to complete recovery, including walking?
Which condition is characterized by a selective targeting of motor neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous system?
Which condition is characterized by a selective targeting of motor neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous system?
Which variant of Guillain-Barré Syndrome primarily affects cranial nerves and brainstem, causing abnormal muscle coordination and paralysis of eye muscles?
Which variant of Guillain-Barré Syndrome primarily affects cranial nerves and brainstem, causing abnormal muscle coordination and paralysis of eye muscles?
Which factor is responsible for approximately 5-10% of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) cases?
Which factor is responsible for approximately 5-10% of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) cases?
Which disease is characterized by antibodies that attach to both C-jejuni and peripheral nerves, leading to cross-reactivity and initiation of attacks on nerves?
Which disease is characterized by antibodies that attach to both C-jejuni and peripheral nerves, leading to cross-reactivity and initiation of attacks on nerves?
What is the etiology of Huntington's disease?
What is the etiology of Huntington's disease?
What is the typical onset age for Huntington's disease?
What is the typical onset age for Huntington's disease?
What is the inheritance pattern of Huntington's disease?
What is the inheritance pattern of Huntington's disease?
What is the impact of Huntington's disease on the brain?
What is the impact of Huntington's disease on the brain?
Which disease is characterized by symptoms such as rigidity, bradykinesia, micrographia, masked face, postural abnormalities, and resting tremor?
Which disease is characterized by symptoms such as rigidity, bradykinesia, micrographia, masked face, postural abnormalities, and resting tremor?
What is a factor that can increase susceptibility to developing Multiple Sclerosis?
What is a factor that can increase susceptibility to developing Multiple Sclerosis?
What is a common neuromuscular condition that can be confused with Multiple Sclerosis?
What is a common neuromuscular condition that can be confused with Multiple Sclerosis?
Which type of SMA is associated with the most severe symptoms and early onset?
Which type of SMA is associated with the most severe symptoms and early onset?
Which motor neurons does ALS affect?
Which motor neurons does ALS affect?
What is the inheritance pattern of SMA?
What is the inheritance pattern of SMA?
Questions and Answers
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Flashcards
Flashcards
Incidence rate of GBS?
Incidence rate of GBS?
The incidence rate of Guillain-Barré Syndrome is 1 to 2 per 100,000 people.
Complications of GBS?
Complications of GBS?
Common complications of Guillain-Barré Syndrome include respiratory failure, pneumonia, cardiac arrest, and autonomic dysfunction.
GBS acute mortality rate?
GBS acute mortality rate?
The mortality rate of Guillain-Barré Syndrome during the acute phase is 3-10%.
GBS recovery rate?
GBS recovery rate?
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Selective motor neuron targeting?
Selective motor neuron targeting?
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Miller Fisher variant targets?
Miller Fisher variant targets?
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ALS genetic cause percentage?
ALS genetic cause percentage?
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GBS antibody targeting?
GBS antibody targeting?
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Etiology of Huntington's?
Etiology of Huntington's?
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Huntington's onset age?
Huntington's onset age?
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Huntington's inheritance?
Huntington's inheritance?
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Huntington's impact on brain?
Huntington's impact on brain?
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Symptoms of Parkinson's?
Symptoms of Parkinson's?
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Dairy and MS susceptibility?
Dairy and MS susceptibility?
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Condition often confused with MS?
Condition often confused with MS?
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Most severe SMA type?
Most severe SMA type?
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ALS affects which motor neurons?
ALS affects which motor neurons?
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SMA inheritance pattern?
SMA inheritance pattern?
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Flashcards
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Overview
- SOD gene mutations may lead to misfolded proteins, causing poor anti-oxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction
- ALS can affect both lower and upper motor neurons, leading to varied impairments such as muscle weakness, hypertonia, and hyporeflexia
- Patients with ALS may experience musculoskeletal pain, muscle cramps, and non-motor symptoms like cognitive impairment and emotional lability
- ALS can present with bulbar system onset (cranial nerve dysfunction) or limb onset (weakness in the limbs)
- Conditions that may be considered for differential diagnosis or share similarities with ALS include frontal temporal dementia, spinal muscular atrophy, and peripheral neuropathies
- SMA is a rare hereditary neuromuscular disorder characterized by the loss of motor neurons, leading to muscle wasting and weakness
- SMA is the most common genetic cause of death in infants, impacting every race and gender equally
- The survival motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1) on chromosome 5q produces the survival motor neuron protein, which maintains the health and normal function of motor neurons
- SMA is inherited as an autosomal recessive disease, requiring two mutated genes for manifestation
- There are different types of SMA, varying in severity and age of onset, such as acute SMA (Type 1), intermediate SMA (Type 2), mild SMA (Type 3), and later onset SMA (Type 4)
- SMA is associated with progressive weakness of voluntary muscles, respiratory impairments, and other associated problems like difficulties swallowing and joint contractures
- SMA primarily affects trunk, leg, and arm muscles more than hands and feet, and is characterized by degeneration of anterior horn cells and muscle weakness.
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