Allergic Reaction and Anaphylaxis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with anaphylaxis?

  • Headache
  • Flushed skin
  • Sore throat (correct)
  • Itchy rash
  • Stridor is a potential sign of respiratory distress in anaphylaxis.

    True

    Name one therapeutic drug that can be given for anaphylaxis.

    Adrenaline

    Anaphylaxis may cause symptoms such as swelling of the tongue and __________.

    <p>throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the symptoms of anaphylaxis with their descriptions:

    <p>Tachycardia = Increased heart rate Dyspnoea = Difficulty breathing Cyanosis = Bluish skin due to lack of oxygen Nausea = Feeling sick or the urge to vomit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of anaphylaxis?

    <p>Life-threatening airway problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Food, drugs, and venom are the most common triggers for allergic reactions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes a severe and life-threatening allergic reaction?

    <p>Anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anaphylaxis can develop from routes of exposure such as injection, ingestion, absorption, and _______.

    <p>inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following routes of exposure to their effect on the development of anaphylaxis:

    <p>Injection = Rapid onset of symptoms Ingestion = Delayed onset of symptoms Absorption = Symptoms based on skin contact Inhalation = Immediate immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common source of allergens?

    <p>Solar radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately 30% of allergic reactions have an unknown trigger.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List one sign or symptom of anaphylaxis.

    <p>Airway obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Allergic Reactions vs. Anaphylaxis

    • Allergic reactions have a rising incidence of cases, with common triggers including food, medications, and venom.
    • Approximately 30% of allergic cases have an unknown trigger.
    • Symptoms of allergic reactions are generally milder, with localized urticaria being a common sign.
    • Anaphylaxis is a severe and life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction characterized by systemic complications affecting the airway, breathing, and circulation.

    Definition of Anaphylaxis

    • Anaphylaxis is defined as a generalized hypersensitivity reaction that develops rapidly and poses life-threatening risks, usually accompanied by skin and mucosal changes.

    Routes of Allergen Exposure

    • Anaphylaxis can be triggered by various routes including:
      • Injection
      • Ingestion
      • Absorption (skin contact)
      • Inhalation
    • The speed of symptom onset correlates with the exposure route.

    Common Allergen Sources/Triggers

    • Common sources include:
      • Pharmaceutical products like antibiotics and vitamins
      • Foods, especially certain allergens
      • Venoms from animal bites or stings
      • Cosmetics and personal care products
      • Environmental factors: plants, dusts, moulds, animals, toxins, and vaccines.

    Stages of Anaphylaxis

    • Anaphylaxis begins with early allergic symptoms, progresses to anaphylaxis, and may swiftly lead to anaphylactic shock.

    Signs and Symptoms of Anaphylaxis

    • Initial symptoms may include an itchy rash, swelling (especially around the eyes), and dry cough.
    • Additional symptoms can escalate to include:
      • Flushed skin
      • Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)
      • Chest tightness
      • Swelling of tongue and throat
      • Wheezing and hoarseness
      • Dyspnoea (difficulty breathing)
    • Severe cases may present with stridor, hypotension, bronchospasm, cyanosis, circulatory collapse, and respiratory collapse.
    • Gastrointestinal symptoms may also occur, such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps.

    Drug Therapy for Anaphylaxis

    • Treatment includes administering Oxygen.
    • Senior clinicians may administer drugs such as Salbutamol and Adrenaline (1:1000) for severe cases.
    • Paramedic intervention might be needed in critical situations.

    Management of Anaphylaxis

    • Immediate identification and response to symptoms are crucial for effective management.
    • Emergency services should be contacted, and prompt administration of emergency medications is essential to prevent progression to severe complications.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on allergic reactions and anaphylaxis with this quiz. You will learn the differences between allergic reactions and anaphylaxis, routes of exposure, and signs and symptoms. Additionally, discover the stages of anaphylaxis and the drug therapies used for treatment.

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