Alkynes Worksheet

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Questions and Answers

What is the common name for the compound with the formula CH3-C-CH3?

  • Propanone
  • Butan-2-one
  • Ethyl methyl ketone
  • Acetone (correct)

What is the IUPAC name for formaldehyde?

  • Butanal
  • Ethanal
  • Propanal
  • Methanal (correct)

Considering the compound formaldehyde, which functional group is primarily present?

  • Ketone
  • Alcohol
  • Aldehyde (correct)
  • Ester

What is the IUPAC name for the compound represented by the formula CH₂?

<p>Ethylene (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct structural formula for acetone?

<p>(CH3)2CO (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound contains a nitrogen atom in its structure?

<p>Benzamide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds is an aromatic amine?

<p>Pyridine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identifying functional groups, which compound is a carboxylic acid?

<p>Pthalic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is primarily used as a solvent and is a methoxy derivative of phenol?

<p>Anisole (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds is known for its use in the synthesis of aromatic compounds?

<p>Benzaldehyde (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct IUPAC name for chlorobenzene?

<p>Phenyl chloride (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound can be considered an aromatic amine?

<p>Benzamide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the correct IUPAC name for a compound with the formula C6H5COCl?

<p>Benzoyl chloride (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of nitrobenzene?

<p>Is soluble in water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structural formula C6H5CHO?

<p>Benzaldehyde (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is represented by the structure CH3-C≡C-CH2-CH3?

<p>Pent-3-en-1-yne (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the IUPAC name for the compound CH≡C-C≡C-C≡CH?

<p>Hexa-1,3,5-triyne (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound has the formula CH2=CH-C≡C-CH3?

<p>Penta-1,3-diyne (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct name for CH≡C-CH2-C≡CH?

<p>Penta-1,4-diyne (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the compound that contains one double bond and one triple bond, represented as CH≡C-CH2-C≡CH.

<p>Pent-1-en-4-yne (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct product formation when CH₄ reacts with O₂ to produce CO₂?

<p>CO₂ + 2H₂O (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reaction represents the conversion of CH₄ to methanol?

<p>CH₄ → 2CH₃OH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is represented by the transformation of n-Heptane to Benzene?

<p>Dehydrogenation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the correct representation of cracking dodecane (C₁₂H₂₆)?

<p>C₁₂H₂₆ → C₇H₁₆ + C₅H₁₀ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the reaction CH₄ → CO + 3H₂?

<p>The production of a reducing gas mixture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What rule is applied during the addition of HBr to an alkene that directs the hydrogen atom to the more substituted carbon?

<p>Markonikov's Rule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reagent is known as Baeyer's reagent that can oxidize alkenes to alcohols?

<p>KMnO4 in acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the presence of cold KMnO4 in an alkaline medium, what functional group is typically formed from alkenes?

<p>Alcohol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary product when methyl cyclohexane undergoes oxidation with K2Cr2O7 in an acidic medium?

<p>Cyclohexanol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reaction is likely to result in the formation of a carbocation intermediate?

<p>Electrophilic addition of HBr to an alkene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Penta-1,4-diyne

A compound with two triple bonds and a total of five carbon atoms.

Pent-1-en-4-yne

A compound with one triple bond and one double bond, with a total of five carbon atoms.

Pent-3-en-1-yne

A compound with one triple bond and one double bond with a total of five carbon atoms.

Hexa-1,4-diyne

A compound with two triple bonds and a total of six carbon atoms, both on the same molecule.

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Hexa-1,3,5-triyne

A compound with three triple bonds and a total of six carbon atoms.

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What is Acetone?

Acetone is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor. It is used as a solvent and in the manufacture of plastics and resins.

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What is Formaldehyde?

Formaldehyde is a colorless gas with a pungent odor. It is used in the manufacture of resins, plastics, and many other products.

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What is a General Name?

The general name of a compound is a simpler, often more common name.

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What is an IUPAC Name?

The IUPAC name of a compound describes its structure and composition.

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What is a Compound Formula?

The formula of a compound shows the types and number of atoms in the compound.

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Cracking

The process of breaking down long-chain hydrocarbons into shorter chains, often by heating them in the presence of a catalyst.

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Dehydration

A reaction where a smaller molecule, usually water or hydrogen, is removed from a larger molecule.

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Markovnikov's Rule

A type of addition reaction where an alkene reacts with a hydrogen halide. This reaction is regioselective, meaning that the hydrogen atom in the hydrogen halide will predominantly add to the carbon atom with the larger number of hydrogen atoms already attached.

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Halogenation

The reaction of an alkene with bromine (Br2) or chlorine (Cl2) to form a dibromoalkane or dichloroalkane.

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Hydrogenation

The process of adding hydrogen to an alkene to form an alkane.

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Addition of HHalides

A reaction where an alkene or alkyne reacts with hydrogen halides (like HBr, HCl), adding a halogen atom (like Br, Cl) to the molecule and forming a haloalkane.

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Anti-Markovnikov's Rule

A rule that states that in the addition of a protic acid to an alkene, the hydrogen atom will attach to the carbon with the fewest hydrogen atoms already attached.

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Oxidation with Strong Oxidizing Agents

A reaction where an alkene or alkyne is oxidized using a strong oxidizing agent, such as hot KMnO4 or K2Cr2O7 in an acidic medium, to form a diol (a compound with two hydroxyl groups).

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Chlorobenzene

A compound with a benzene ring and a chlorine atom attached to it. It is also known as phenyl chloride.

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Nitrobenzene

A compound with a benzene ring and a nitro group (-NO2) attached to it.

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Toluene

A compound with a benzene ring and a methyl group (-CH3) attached to it.

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3-Tert-Butylbenzene

A compound with a benzene ring and a tertiary butyl group (-C(CH3)3) attached to it.

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Benzaldehyde

A compound with a benzene ring and a benzoyl group (-C(=O)C6H5) attached to it.

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Pyridine

A heterocyclic aromatic compound containing a nitrogen atom in the ring.

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Benzamide

A cyclic amide derived from benzoic acid.

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Pyrrole

A cyclic aromatic compound containing a nitrogen atom in the ring with one double bond replaced by a single bond.

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Phenol

A benzene ring with a hydroxyl group attached.

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Anisole

A benzene ring with a methoxy group attached.

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Study Notes

Alkynes Worksheet

  • Molecular Formulas:
    • Alkanes: CnH2n+2
    • Alkenes: CnH2n
    • Alkynes: CnH2n-2
  • Hydrocarbons with Triple Bonds:
    • Hydrocarbons containing one triple bond between two carbon atoms are called alkynes.
  • First Stable Alkyne:
    • Acetylene (ethyne) is the first stable member of alkynes.
  • Bonds in Ethyne:
    • Ethyne (acetylene) has one triple bond and two single bonds.
  • Symmetrical Alkynes:
    • Alkynes in which both sides of the triple bond are the same are called symmetrical alkynes.
  • Hybridisation of Alkynes:
    • The hybridization of alkynes is sp.
  • Bond Angle of Alkynes:
    • The bond angle of alkynes is 180°.
  • Geometry of Alkynes:
    • Alkynes have a linear geometry.
  • Uses of Alkynes:
    • Used in the preparation of ethanal, acetone, acetic acid.
    • Used in the manufacture of polymers, synthetic rubber, synthetic fibers, plastics, etc.
    • Used for the artificial ripening of fruits.
    • Used in oxy-acetylene flames for welding and cutting metals.

Additional Reactions and Names

  • 6CH4 + 2O2 → 2CO2 + 10H2O + heat: Methane combustion
  • CaC2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + C2H2: Calcium carbide reacting with water to form ethyne
  • Be2C + 2H2O → 2Be(OH)2 + CH4: Beryllium carbide, reacting with water producing methane
  • Mg2C3 + 4H2O → 2Mg(OH)2 + C3H4: Magnesium Carbide reacting with water producing propyne

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