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Questions and Answers
What are the two types of reactions that alkanes undergo?
What are the two types of reactions that alkanes undergo?
In combustion reactions, what do alkanes react with to form carbon dioxide, water, and heat?
In combustion reactions, what do alkanes react with to form carbon dioxide, water, and heat?
Which family of homologous compounds contains carbon-carbon double bonds?
Which family of homologous compounds contains carbon-carbon double bonds?
What is the general formula for alkenes?
What is the general formula for alkenes?
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What is the IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH=CHCH3?
What is the IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH=CHCH3?
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What is the structural formula for 4-methyl-2-pentene?
What is the structural formula for 4-methyl-2-pentene?
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What is the IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH2CH2CH=CH2?
What is the IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH2CH2CH=CH2?
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Which compound is a cis isomer?
Which compound is a cis isomer?
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What is the geometric isomerism exhibited by trans-3-methyl-2-pentene?
What is the geometric isomerism exhibited by trans-3-methyl-2-pentene?
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What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the structural formula CH3CH2CH=CHCH3?
What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the structural formula CH3CH2CH=CHCH3?
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Which compound is a trans isomer?
Which compound is a trans isomer?
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What is the IUPAC name for the compound 1,3-dimethylcyclohexene?
What is the IUPAC name for the compound 1,3-dimethylcyclohexene?
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What is the IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH2CH2CH=CHCH3?
What is the IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH2CH2CH=CHCH3?
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What is the structural formula for 1-methylcyclopentene?
What is the structural formula for 1-methylcyclopentene?
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What is the IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH=CHCH2CH(CH3)CH3?
What is the IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH=CHCH2CH(CH3)CH3?
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Study Notes
Types of Reactions of Alkanes
- Alkanes primarily undergo two types of reactions: combustion and substitution.
Combustion Reactions
- In combustion reactions, alkanes react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and heat.
Homologous Compounds with Double Bonds
- The family of homologous compounds containing carbon-carbon double bonds is called alkenes.
General Formula for Alkenes
- The general formula for alkenes is C_nH_(2n).
IUPAC Naming of Alkenes
- The IUPAC name for CH3CH=CHCH3 is propene (specifically, it is 2-butene, since the double bond is between the second and third carbon).
- The IUPAC name for CH3CH2CH2CH=CH2 is 1-pentene.
- The IUPAC name for the compound with the structural formula CH3CH2CH=CHCH3 is 2-pentene.
Structural Formulas
- Structural formula for 4-methyl-2-pentene includes a double bond between the second and third carbons with a methyl group on the fourth carbon.
- The structural formula for 1-methylcyclopentene features a methyl group on the first carbon of a cyclopentene ring.
Isomerism
- Cis isomer is characterized by substituents being on the same side of the double bond (for example, in 2-butene).
- Trans isomer features substituents on opposite sides of the double bond, exhibited by trans-3-methyl-2-pentene which showcases geometric isomerism.
More IUPAC Names
- The IUPAC name for 1,3-dimethylcyclohexene involves a cyclohexene ring with methyl groups attached at the first and third carbons.
- The IUPAC name for CH3CH2CH2CH=CHCH3 is 1-hexene.
- The IUPAC name for CH3CH=CHCH2CH(CH3)CH3 is recognized as 3-methyl-1-pentene.
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Description
Test your knowledge of organic chemistry with this quiz on the reactions of alkanes and alkenes. Learn about the two main types of reactions that alkanes undergo, combustion and halogenation, and deepen your understanding of these fundamental organic compounds.
