الجموعة الشمسية: The Solar System Quiz

الجموعة الشمسية (The Solar System)

Definition: الجموعة الشمسية is a collection of celestial objects that orbit around the Sun, including eight planets, dwarf planets, asteroids, comets, and other smaller bodies.

The Sun:

• The center of the solar system
• A star that provides light and heat to the planets
• Comprises 99.8% of the total mass of the solar system

The Planets:

1. Mercury:
   • Closest to the Sun
   • Smallest planet
   • Highly elliptical orbit
2. Venus:
   • Hottest planet
   • Thickest atmosphere
   • No moons
3. Earth:
   • Third planet from the Sun
   • Only known planet to support life
   • One large moon
4. Mars:
   • Known as the Red Planet
   • Rocky terrain
   • Two small moons
5. Jupiter:
   • Largest planet
   • Gas giant
   • Many moons (79 known)
6. Saturn:
   • Second largest planet
   • Gas giant
   • Known for its ring system
   • Many moons (62 known)
7. Uranus:
   • Ice giant
   • Tilted axis
   • 27 known moons
8. Neptune:
   • Farthest planet from the Sun
   • Ice giant
   • 14 known moons

Dwarf Planets:

• Pluto
• Eris
• Ceres
• Haumea
• Makemake

Other Objects:

• Asteroids (found in the asteroid belt)
• Comets (originating from the outer solar system)
• Kuiper Belt (a region of icy bodies beyond Neptune)
• Oort Cloud (a distant, spherical shell of icy bodies)

Formation:

• The solar system formed around 4.6 billion years ago from a giant cloud of gas and dust
• Gravity caused the material to collapse, forming the Sun and the planets