10 Questions
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
Absorption of water and electrolytes, mainly NaCl
How does the increased sodium absorption in the large intestine affect the absorption of other substances?
It causes secondary increases in absorption of chloride ions, water, and some other substances
What stimulates the synthesis of some vitamins in the colon?
Fermentation by bacteria in the colon
How is calcium absorption primarily regulated in the intestine?
By hormonal regulation and transepithelial transport in the duodenum
What is the mechanism of iron absorption in the intestine?
Endocytosis of heme iron and active absorption of ionized iron by apical co-transport with hydrogen ion
What is the role of intrinsic factor in vitamin B12 absorption?
It complexes with B12 to allow recognition by the intestinal transporter present in the ileum
What is the primary function of bile micelles in the absorption of fat?
To facilitate the diffusion of monoglycerides and fatty acids into enterocytes
What is the consequence of an absence of bile micelles during fat absorption?
Limited absorption of monoglycerides and fatty acids
How does the absorption of water-soluble vitamins differ from that of fat-soluble vitamins?
Water-soluble vitamins are absorbed via a Na+-dependent cotransport mechanism
What percentage of fat absorption is achieved in the presence of an abundance of bile micelles?
About 97%
Test your knowledge about the role of aldosterone in enhancing sodium absorption and its effects on the body's water balance. Learn about the mechanisms and enzyme activation involved in sodium absorption.
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