Week 7 Summary - Brain and Behaviour (Altered states of consciousness)
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic displayed by hypnotized people according to Hilgard's description?

  • Reduced attention (correct)
  • Enhanced reality testing
  • Increased planfulness
  • Decreased ability to fantasize
  • According to state theories of hypnosis, hypnotized people experience an altered state of consciousness. True or False?

  • True (correct)
  • False
  • According to non-state theories of hypnosis, people under hypnosis merely act in accordance with the hypnotized role. True or False?

  • True (correct)
  • False
  • According to dissociation theory, hypnotized people are in a special state of consciousness. True or False?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way in which psychoactive drugs affect the brain?

    <p>Slowing the removal of a neurotransmitter from synapses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Psychological dependence occurs when a person continues to use a drug to gain a sense of wellbeing, even when the drug produces adverse consequences. True or False?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Learned expectations play a role in enhancing the physiological effects of drugs. True or False?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes hypnosis?

    <p>Hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important factor in inducing hypnosis?

    <p>The willingness to be hypnotized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are posthypnotic suggestions?

    <p>Instructions given after hypnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is posthypnotic amnesia?

    <p>The inability to remember what happened during hypnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of adults are difficult or impossible to hypnotize?

    <p>About 10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of hypnotic suggestibility?

    <p>To make someone more susceptible to hypnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is age regression in the context of hypnosis?

    <p>The ability to recall or re-enact childhood experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug stimulates the autonomic nervous system and enhances the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine?

    <p>Nicotine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is known for inducing relaxation, elation, loss of inhibition, suggestibility, and increased sex drive?

    <p>GHB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly known as uppers or speed, increases norepinephrine and dopamine activity, and decreases GABA activity?

    <p>Amphetamines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is the world's most popular drug and reduces drowsiness while enhancing cognitive performance and vigilance?

    <p>Caffeine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is unique in inducing states of sleep and pain relief, depresses activity in wide areas of the cerebral cortex, and acts as agonists for endorphins?

    <p>Opiates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug increases the activity of dopamine neurons and is a serotonin agonist, leading to some of the same effects as cocaine and amphetamines?

    <p>MDMA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug causes a loss of contact with reality and induces changes in emotion, perception, and thought?

    <p>Hallucinogenic drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter does LSD stimulate receptors for?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the effects of LSD?

    <p>Hallucinations and delusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is ketamine primarily used for?

    <p>Anaesthetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the effects of ketamine?

    <p>Out of body experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the active ingredient in marijuana?

    <p>Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the effects of THC?

    <p>Food cravings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does THC collect in?

    <p>Brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What receptors respond to THC in the brain?

    <p>Endogenous cannabinoids receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of LSD effects?

    <p>Predictability</p> Signup and view all the answers

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