Airway, Respiration, and Ventilation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Match the following anatomical parts of the airway with their descriptions:

Cricoid cartilage = Only complete ring around the trachea Epiglottis = Prevents food from entering the trachea Larynx = Located at the entrance of the windpipe Pharynx = Common pathway for both air and food

Match the types of airway obstruction with their causes:

Snoring = Upper airway obstruction Gurgling = Fluid in upper airway Cyanosis = Inadequate oxygenation Wheezing = Lower airway constriction

Match the airway maneuver to its appropriate context:

Head-tilt/chin-lift = Used in non-trauma patients Jaw-thrust = Indicated in suspected spinal injury Inline stabilization = To prevent further damage to cervical spine Suctioning = For clearing fluid from the airway

Match the lung sounds to their indications:

Stridor = Indicates upper airway obstruction Wheezing = Indicates lower airway constriction Rhonchi = Suggests mucus in the lungs Crackles/Rales = Indicates fluid in alveoli Signup and view all the answers

Match the signs of inadequate breathing with their descriptions:

Bradypnea = Abnormally slow breathing rate Tachypnea = Abnormally rapid breathing rate Accessory muscle use = Indicates difficulty in breathing Unequal shallow chest expansion = Suggests possible lung pathology Signup and view all the answers

Match common factors that affect pulse oximetry accuracy with their impacts:

Nail polish = Can cause false low readings CO poisoning = Can lead to falsely high oximetry readings Hypovolemia = Can reduce blood flow readings Peripheral vasoconstriction = Affects peripheral circulation measurements Signup and view all the answers

Match the breathing sound to its characteristics:

Stridor = Brassy, high-pitched crowing sound Wheezing = High-pitched whistling sound during exhalation Rhonchi = Low-pitched, noisy sounds during exhalation Crackles/Rales = Wet cracking sounds indicative of fluid Signup and view all the answers

Match the ventilation concepts with their definitions:

Airway obstruction = Prevents airflow to the lungs Adventitious breath sounds = Abnormal sounds heard in breathing Accessory muscle use = Recruiting additional muscles for breathing Cyanosis = Bluish discoloration indicating lack of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Match the airway anatomy to its location:

Nasopharynx = Upper airway region behind the nose Oral cavity = Mouth area involved in respiration and digestion Trachea = Windpipe below the larynx Bronchi = Branches leading into the lungs Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of abnormal breathing pattern with its description:

Irregular rhythm = Breathing that varies in pattern Retractions = Indication of effort in breathing Diminished breath sounds = Indicates reduced airflow Cool moist skin = May signify poor oxygenation or shock Signup and view all the answers

Match the following oxygen delivery methods with their characteristics:

Nasal Cannula = 1-6 LPM, 24-44% oxygen, not for suspected hypoxia Non-Rebreather Mask = 10-15 LPM, 90-95% oxygen for suspected hypoxia Bag-Valve Mask = 100% oxygen with reservoir at 10-15 LPM Mouth-to-mask device = 55% oxygen with 15 LPM supplemental oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Match the following early signs of hypoxia with their descriptions:

Restlessness = An inability to remain calm, often fidgeting Tachycardia = Increased heart rate, often above normal ranges Apprehension = Feeling anxious or fearful about a potential risk Retractions = Inward movements of the chest wall during breathing Signup and view all the answers

Match the following late signs of hypoxia with their definitions:

Cyanosis = Bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen Altered mental status = Changes in awareness or cognitive function Bradycardia = Decreased heart rate, often below normal ranges Weak pulse = Pulse that is difficult to detect, often thready Signup and view all the answers

Match the following airway management techniques with their indications:

Abdominal Thrusts = To clear airway obstruction in conscious patients CPAP = For respiratory distress and pulmonary edema OPA = To maintain airway patency in unconscious patients NPA = Used in semi-conscious patients with gag reflex Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cardiovascular terms with their definitions:

Perfusion Triangle = Heart, blood vessels, and blood Tricuspid Valve = Valve between right atrium and right ventricle Bicuspid Valve = Valve between left atrium and left ventricle Pulse Assessment - Quality = Describes the strength of the pulse Signup and view all the answers

Match the following CPR indications with the criteria for action:

Initiate for pulseless patients = Start CPR for any patient without a pulse Initiate for children below 60 bpm = Start CPR for pediatric patients with a low pulse Use AED for unresponsive patients = Indicated for patients who are pulseless and unresponsive Shockable rhythms = Effective for V-fib and V-tach Signup and view all the answers

Match the following medications with their characteristics:

Aspirin = Antiplatelet, contraindicated with GI bleeding Nitroglycerin = Vasodilator, contraindicated with low SBP Oxygen therapy = Used to increase oxygen saturation in hypoxia CPAP = Uses pressure to keep alveoli open during distress Signup and view all the answers

Match the following target oxygen saturation levels with their conditions:

ACS = Target saturation of 90% Stroke = Target saturation of 95-98% Post-cardiac arrest = Target saturation of 92-98% General hypoxia = Should aim for higher saturation levels Signup and view all the answers

Match the following hypoxia symptoms with their categorization as early or late signs:

Early: Tachycardia = Increased heart rate indicating early distress Late: Bradypnea = Decreased breathing rate indicating severe hypoxia Early: Anxiety = Feeling restless or apprehensive in early hypoxia Late: Altered LOC = Changes in level of consciousness in severe cases Signup and view all the answers

Match the following delivery methods with their flow rates and oxygen concentrations:

Nasal Cannula = 1-6 LPM, 24-44% oxygen Bag-Valve Mask = 100% oxygen at 10-15 LPM Non-Rebreather Mask = 10-15 LPM, up to 90-95% oxygen Mouth-to-mask device = 55% oxygen at 15 LPM Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cricoid cartilage

The narrowest point in a child's airway, formed by the only complete ring around the trachea.

Stridor

A high-pitched crowing sound during inhalation, indicating upper airway obstruction.