EMS 1100 Airway Quiz

Questions and Answers

What is exhalation in contrast to inhalation?

is a passive process caused by increased intrathoracic pressure.

What feedback do central chemoreceptors in the medulla provide?

increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense a slight increase in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.

Which of the following factors will cause a decreased minute volume in an adult?

Increased activity

Hyperventilation

Deep breathing

Shallow breathing (correct)

What is the process called that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood of the capillaries?

external respirations. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the body's cells without adequate oxygen?

incompletely convert glucose into energy, and lactic acid accumulates in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

What facilitates gas exchange in the lungs?

adequate amounts of surfactant. Signup and view all the answers

Why must an unconscious patient in a prone position be placed in a supine position?

in case he or she requires CPR. Signup and view all the answers

What influences the hypoxic drive?

low blood oxygen levels. Signup and view all the answers

In mines or confined spaces with low oxygen levels, ventilation may continue despite adequate oxygenation.

True Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during inhalation?

the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the leaf-shaped structure located superior to the larynx called?

epiglottis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary waste product of aerobic metabolism?

carbon dioxide. Signup and view all the answers

The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is mm Hg, while the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli is mm Hg.

104, 40. Signup and view all the answers

The diaphragm is innervated by the _______ nerve, which allows it to contract.

phrenic. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures are included in the lower airway?

Bronchi Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during intrapulmonary shunting?

blood coming from the right side of the heart bypasses nonfunctional alveoli and returns to the left side of the heart in an unoxygenated state. Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is contained within the mediastinum?

esophagus. Signup and view all the answers

How do you select the proper size oropharyngeal airway?

measure from the corner of the mouth to the earlobe. Signup and view all the answers

What is a late sign of hypoxia?

cyanosis. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch happens?

a disruption in blood flow inhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Airway Management and Respiratory Physiology

Exhalation is a passive process resulting from increased intrathoracic pressure, unlike inhalation.
Central chemoreceptors in the medulla respond to increased carbon dioxide and decreased pH in cerebrospinal fluid, enhancing breathing rate and depth.
Shallow breathing leads to decreased minute volume in adults.
External respiration refers to the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and capillary blood.
Inadequate oxygen supply causes cells to convert glucose into energy incompletely, leading to lactic acid accumulation in the blood.
Gas exchange efficiency in the lungs is dependent on adequate surfactant levels.
An unconscious patient in a prone position should be turned supine to facilitate potential CPR.
The hypoxic drive is primarily stimulated by low blood oxygen levels.
In confined spaces, ventilation may persist despite low oxygen levels, indicating separate processes for oxygenation and ventilation.
Inhalation results from diaphragm and intercostal muscle contraction, reducing intrathoracic pressure.
The epiglottis, a leaf-shaped structure, is located superior to the larynx.
Carbon dioxide is the main waste product produced during aerobic metabolism.
The partial pressure of oxygen in alveoli is 104 mm Hg, while carbon dioxide partial pressure is 40 mm Hg.
The diaphragm is activated by the phrenic nerve, enabling its contraction.
The epiglottis is not a part of the structures in the lower airway.
Intrapulmonary shunting occurs when blood bypasses nonfunctional alveoli, returning unoxygenated to the left side of the heart.
The mediastinum houses several structures, including the esophagus.
Oropharyngeal airway size is determined by measuring from the corner of the mouth to the earlobe.
Cyanosis is considered a late sign of hypoxia, indicating severe oxygen deficiency.
A ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch hampers the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, despite proper alveolar oxygenation.

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Description

Test your knowledge on airway management concepts in EMS 1100. This quiz covers important topics such as inhalation, exhalation, and the role of chemoreceptors in respiratory regulation. Challenge yourself to understand the physiological processes involved in airway management.