Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is exhalation in contrast to inhalation?
What is exhalation in contrast to inhalation?
is a passive process caused by increased intrathoracic pressure.
What feedback do central chemoreceptors in the medulla provide?
What feedback do central chemoreceptors in the medulla provide?
increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense a slight increase in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
Which of the following factors will cause a decreased minute volume in an adult?
Which of the following factors will cause a decreased minute volume in an adult?
- Increased activity
- Hyperventilation
- Deep breathing
- Shallow breathing (correct)
What is the process called that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood of the capillaries?
What is the process called that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood of the capillaries?
What happens to the body's cells without adequate oxygen?
What happens to the body's cells without adequate oxygen?
What facilitates gas exchange in the lungs?
What facilitates gas exchange in the lungs?
Why must an unconscious patient in a prone position be placed in a supine position?
Why must an unconscious patient in a prone position be placed in a supine position?
What influences the hypoxic drive?
What influences the hypoxic drive?
In mines or confined spaces with low oxygen levels, ventilation may continue despite adequate oxygenation.
In mines or confined spaces with low oxygen levels, ventilation may continue despite adequate oxygenation.
What occurs during inhalation?
What occurs during inhalation?
What is the leaf-shaped structure located superior to the larynx called?
What is the leaf-shaped structure located superior to the larynx called?
What is the primary waste product of aerobic metabolism?
What is the primary waste product of aerobic metabolism?
The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is ____ mm Hg, while the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli is ____ mm Hg.
The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is ____ mm Hg, while the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli is ____ mm Hg.
The diaphragm is innervated by the _______ nerve, which allows it to contract.
The diaphragm is innervated by the _______ nerve, which allows it to contract.
Which of the following structures are included in the lower airway?
Which of the following structures are included in the lower airway?
What occurs during intrapulmonary shunting?
What occurs during intrapulmonary shunting?
Which structure is contained within the mediastinum?
Which structure is contained within the mediastinum?
How do you select the proper size oropharyngeal airway?
How do you select the proper size oropharyngeal airway?
What is a late sign of hypoxia?
What is a late sign of hypoxia?
What occurs when a ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch happens?
What occurs when a ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch happens?
Flashcards
Exhalation
Exhalation
The process of breathing out air from the lungs, driven by increased pressure inside the chest cavity.
Central chemoreceptors
Central chemoreceptors
Specialized cells in the brain that detect changes in carbon dioxide and pH in the cerebrospinal fluid, regulating breathing rate and depth.
Minute volume
Minute volume
The total volume of air breathed in and out per minute.
External respiration
External respiration
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Lactic acidosis
Lactic acidosis
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Surfactant
Surfactant
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Prone to supine
Prone to supine
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Hypoxic drive
Hypoxic drive
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Inhalation
Inhalation
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Epiglottis
Epiglottis
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Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide
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Partial pressure
Partial pressure
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Phrenic nerve
Phrenic nerve
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Mediastinum
Mediastinum
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Oropharyngeal airway size
Oropharyngeal airway size
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Cyanosis
Cyanosis
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Ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch
Ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch
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Intrapulmonary shunting
Intrapulmonary shunting
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Lower airway
Lower airway
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Internal respiration
Internal respiration
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Study Notes
Airway Management and Respiratory Physiology
- Exhalation is a passive process resulting from increased intrathoracic pressure, unlike inhalation.
- Central chemoreceptors in the medulla respond to increased carbon dioxide and decreased pH in cerebrospinal fluid, enhancing breathing rate and depth.
- Shallow breathing leads to decreased minute volume in adults.
- External respiration refers to the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and capillary blood.
- Inadequate oxygen supply causes cells to convert glucose into energy incompletely, leading to lactic acid accumulation in the blood.
- Gas exchange efficiency in the lungs is dependent on adequate surfactant levels.
- An unconscious patient in a prone position should be turned supine to facilitate potential CPR.
- The hypoxic drive is primarily stimulated by low blood oxygen levels.
- In confined spaces, ventilation may persist despite low oxygen levels, indicating separate processes for oxygenation and ventilation.
- Inhalation results from diaphragm and intercostal muscle contraction, reducing intrathoracic pressure.
- The epiglottis, a leaf-shaped structure, is located superior to the larynx.
- Carbon dioxide is the main waste product produced during aerobic metabolism.
- The partial pressure of oxygen in alveoli is 104 mm Hg, while carbon dioxide partial pressure is 40 mm Hg.
- The diaphragm is activated by the phrenic nerve, enabling its contraction.
- The epiglottis is not a part of the structures in the lower airway.
- Intrapulmonary shunting occurs when blood bypasses nonfunctional alveoli, returning unoxygenated to the left side of the heart.
- The mediastinum houses several structures, including the esophagus.
- Oropharyngeal airway size is determined by measuring from the corner of the mouth to the earlobe.
- Cyanosis is considered a late sign of hypoxia, indicating severe oxygen deficiency.
- A ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch hampers the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, despite proper alveolar oxygenation.
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Description
Test your knowledge on airway management concepts in EMS 1100. This quiz covers important topics such as inhalation, exhalation, and the role of chemoreceptors in respiratory regulation. Challenge yourself to understand the physiological processes involved in airway management.
