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Questions and Answers
What is the term used for the range of processes ensuring aircraft compliance with airworthiness requirements?
What is the term used for the range of processes ensuring aircraft compliance with airworthiness requirements?
Which process does NOT fall under the definition of maintenance for an aircraft?
Which process does NOT fall under the definition of maintenance for an aircraft?
Who are responsible for the release of an aircraft or a component after maintenance?
Who are responsible for the release of an aircraft or a component after maintenance?
What particular aspect of aircraft maintenance is emphasized due to its critical nature?
What particular aspect of aircraft maintenance is emphasized due to its critical nature?
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What type of pump is typically used in smaller aircraft for fuel supply?
What type of pump is typically used in smaller aircraft for fuel supply?
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Which of the following is considered a part of maintaining the continued airworthiness of aircraft electrical systems?
Which of the following is considered a part of maintaining the continued airworthiness of aircraft electrical systems?
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What type of documentation is required by certifying staff during aircraft maintenance?
What type of documentation is required by certifying staff during aircraft maintenance?
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In larger aircraft, how can fuel be transferred between tanks?
In larger aircraft, how can fuel be transferred between tanks?
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Which area is NOT one of the broad categories for aircraft light applications?
Which area is NOT one of the broad categories for aircraft light applications?
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What is a key factor that can seriously affect system reliability in aircraft?
What is a key factor that can seriously affect system reliability in aircraft?
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Which organization was acknowledged for its contributions related to flight data recorders?
Which organization was acknowledged for its contributions related to flight data recorders?
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What is a typical function of the passenger address system on an aircraft?
What is a typical function of the passenger address system on an aircraft?
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What type of systems and equipment is described for passenger safety and convenience?
What type of systems and equipment is described for passenger safety and convenience?
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Why is air conditioning provided in passenger aircraft?
Why is air conditioning provided in passenger aircraft?
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What allows passengers and crew to board or depart the aircraft without a mobile staircase?
What allows passengers and crew to board or depart the aircraft without a mobile staircase?
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What role do sensors play in airframe systems?
What role do sensors play in airframe systems?
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Which type of battery is commonly used in aircraft applications?
Which type of battery is commonly used in aircraft applications?
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What role do inverters play in aircraft electrical systems?
What role do inverters play in aircraft electrical systems?
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Which source of electrical power is classified as primary?
Which source of electrical power is classified as primary?
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How are wires and cables treated in relation to aircraft safety?
How are wires and cables treated in relation to aircraft safety?
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What is the function of a Transformer Rectifier Unit (TRU) in aircraft?
What is the function of a Transformer Rectifier Unit (TRU) in aircraft?
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Which device provides continuous power in the event of generator failure?
Which device provides continuous power in the event of generator failure?
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What is one of the applications of an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) in an aircraft?
What is one of the applications of an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) in an aircraft?
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Which of the following statements is accurate regarding electrical systems in aircraft?
Which of the following statements is accurate regarding electrical systems in aircraft?
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What is the primary reason for the presence of the minus sign in the formula for induced e.m.f.?
What is the primary reason for the presence of the minus sign in the formula for induced e.m.f.?
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What is the unit of self-inductance?
What is the unit of self-inductance?
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When is the maximum induced e.m.f. achieved according to the formula e=Blv sinθ?
When is the maximum induced e.m.f. achieved according to the formula e=Blv sinθ?
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If a coil has a self-inductance of 15 mH and the rate of change of current is 450 A/s, what is the induced e.m.f.?
If a coil has a self-inductance of 15 mH and the rate of change of current is 450 A/s, what is the induced e.m.f.?
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What happens when two inductors are placed close to one another?
What happens when two inductors are placed close to one another?
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What does the term 'back e.m.f.' refer to?
What does the term 'back e.m.f.' refer to?
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If a current increases from 2A to 6A in 250 ms and produces a back e.m.f. of 15 V, how is the inductance calculated?
If a current increases from 2A to 6A in 250 ms and produces a back e.m.f. of 15 V, how is the inductance calculated?
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How is self-inductance related to the rate of change of current?
How is self-inductance related to the rate of change of current?
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What unit is used to measure electrical energy if power is measured in kilowatts and time in hours?
What unit is used to measure electrical energy if power is measured in kilowatts and time in hours?
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What is the relationship between power, current, and voltage expressed mathematically?
What is the relationship between power, current, and voltage expressed mathematically?
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How much energy does an auxiliary power unit (APU) output if it operates at 1.5 kW for 20 minutes?
How much energy does an auxiliary power unit (APU) output if it operates at 1.5 kW for 20 minutes?
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When determining power, what level of accuracy is typically needed due to component tolerances?
When determining power, what level of accuracy is typically needed due to component tolerances?
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What is the formula to find power when energy and time are known?
What is the formula to find power when energy and time are known?
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If a starter demands a current of 1000 A at a voltage of 12 V, what is the power delivered to the starter?
If a starter demands a current of 1000 A at a voltage of 12 V, what is the power delivered to the starter?
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How is power defined in relation to energy usage?
How is power defined in relation to energy usage?
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Which statement correctly describes a joule in terms of power?
Which statement correctly describes a joule in terms of power?
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What is the relationship between inductive reactance and frequency?
What is the relationship between inductive reactance and frequency?
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What is the formula used to calculate inductive reactance?
What is the formula used to calculate inductive reactance?
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At 10 kHz, what is the reactance of a 0.1 H inductor?
At 10 kHz, what is the reactance of a 0.1 H inductor?
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What kind of graph represents the relationship between capacitive reactance and frequency?
What kind of graph represents the relationship between capacitive reactance and frequency?
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How does capacitive reactance behave with changes in frequency?
How does capacitive reactance behave with changes in frequency?
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What is the definition of impedance in a circuit?
What is the definition of impedance in a circuit?
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What is a key difference between reactance and resistance?
What is a key difference between reactance and resistance?
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What are the components of impedance in a circuit containing both resistance and reactance?
What are the components of impedance in a circuit containing both resistance and reactance?
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Study Notes
Aircraft Electrical Systems
- Aircraft rely heavily on electrical/electronic systems for safe and efficient operation.
- Systems are interconnected with wires and cables, needing careful installation and ongoing maintenance.
- Maintenance is crucial for system reliability.
- Certifying staff is responsible for releasing aircraft post-maintenance.
Battery Types
- Aircraft batteries include lead-acid and nickel-cadmium.
- Lithium and nickel-metal hydride are also being considered for primary power.
- Battery types are determined by construction materials.
Electrical Power Sources
- Power sources are categorized as primary (batteries, generators) and secondary (inverters, TRUs).
- Batteries and generators are primary power sources.
- Inverters convert DC to AC.
- TRUs convert AC to DC (often charge batteries).
Auxiliary Power Units (APUs)
- APUs are used for starting engines.
- They provide electrical power while the aircraft is on the ground.
- Used as a backup power source if generators fail.
- Ram air turbine (RAT) can provide continuous power during generator failure.
Wire and Cable Installations
- Wire and cable installations are integral to aircraft.
- They need careful installation, ongoing inspection, and maintenance.
- Treated as critical components, not simply installed and forgotten.
- Different size aircraft have different fuel systems (engine driven pumps are used, with electrical backups, to isolate fuel isolation)
Lighting Systems
- Aircraft lighting serves safety, operational needs, servicing, and passenger convenience.
- Lighting applications categorize into flight compartment, passenger cabin, exterior, and servicing.
- Controlled by on/off switches, variable resistors, or automatic circuits.
Cabin Electronic Equipment
- Passenger transport and business aircraft have cabin electronic equipment.
- Includes lighting, audio, and visual systems for passenger safety, convenience, and entertainment.
- Audio systems include passenger announcements.
Aircraft Airframe Systems
- Landing gear control, control surface position, and indicator systems are included in chapter 14.
- Monitoring and control of systems requires various sensors.
- Continuing airworthiness is a key aspect for ensuring safety & regulatory compliance (throughout the aircraft's operating life).
Chapter 1 - Electrical Fundamentals
- Electrical energy is measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh).
- Power (P) in a circuit is calculated by Voltage (V) multiplied by Current (I).
- Power=Voltage * Current
- Electrical power formulas:
- P=IV
- I=P/V
- V=P/I
- Component tolerances often exceed desired ±1% accuracy for power/current/voltage calculations.
- Power is the rate at which energy is used; Power=Energy/Time
- Examples include APU energy use calculation and capacitor charging energy calculations.
- Induced EMF and Lenz's Law are important in determining back EMF; The induced EMF opposes changes in current flow. Examples include EMF calculations based on conductor length, magnetic flux, and velocity.
- Self-inductance (L) in henries (H) is calculated. Example calculations are given for different scenarios (calculating EMF from current rate and inductance)
- Mutual inductances are explained.
- Inductive reactance (XL) and capacitive reactance (XC) are frequency-dependent. Examples provide calculations for reactance at different frequencies for both inductors and capacitors (using relevant formulas).
- Impedance (Z) is the ratio of voltage to current in a circuit with resistance and reactance.
- Impedance triangle diagrams are explained.
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Description
Explore the critical components of aircraft electrical systems, including battery types and power sources. This quiz delves into the importance of maintenance and certification for reliability. Gain a deeper understanding of Auxiliary Power Units (APUs) and their role in aircraft operations.
