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Questions and Answers
What are some industries that rely on agricultural raw materials?
What are some industries that rely on agricultural raw materials?
Textile, food processing, and paper industries.
What is primitive subsistence farming?
What is primitive subsistence farming?
It is a type of farming that relies on small patches of land and primitive tools for cultivation.
Name at least two regions in India where jhumming is practiced.
Name at least two regions in India where jhumming is practiced.
Assam and Mizoram.
How does shifting cultivation affect soil fertility?
How does shifting cultivation affect soil fertility?
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What are some local names for jhumming in India?
What are some local names for jhumming in India?
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What defines plantation farming?
What defines plantation farming?
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Give two examples of crops commonly grown in plantation farming in India.
Give two examples of crops commonly grown in plantation farming in India.
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What tools are commonly used in primitive subsistence farming?
What tools are commonly used in primitive subsistence farming?
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Study Notes
Importance of Agriculture in India
- India has a significant agricultural sector, with two-thirds of the population engaged in farming.
- Agriculture serves as a primary activity, generating most of the food consumed domestically.
- Produces raw materials for various industries, including textiles, food processing, and pharmaceuticals.
- Key agricultural exports include tea, coffee, and spices.
Types of Farming in India
- Agriculture in India has evolved over time based on environmental conditions, technology, and cultural practices.
- Farming systems range from subsistence farming to commercial farming.
Primitive Subsistence Farming
- Practiced in limited areas, involves small patches of land and primitive tools (hoe, dao).
- Relies on family or community labor and natural factors such as monsoon and soil fertility.
- Characterized as 'slash and burn' agriculture, with low land productivity due to lack of fertilizers.
- Farmers rotate land to allow soil recovery; when fertility declines, they shift to new patches.
Regional Names and Practices of Primitive Farming
- Known as 'jhumming' in northeastern states (Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland).
- Other regional names include:
- Pamlou in Manipur
- Dipa in Chhattisgarh
- Various names in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Global Terminology for Slash and Burn Agriculture
- 'Milpa' in Mexico and Central America
- 'Conuco' in Venezuela
- 'Roca' in Brazil
- 'Masole' in Central Africa
- 'Ladang' in Indonesia
- 'Ray' in Vietnam
Specific Names in India for Primitive Farming
- 'Bewar' or 'Dahiya' in Madhya Pradesh
- 'Podu' or 'Penda' in Andhra Pradesh
- 'Pama Dabi', 'Koman', or 'Bringa' in Orissa
- 'Kumari' in Western Ghats
- 'Valre' or 'Waltre' in southeastern Rajasthan
- 'Khil' in the Himalayan region
- 'Kuruwa' in Jharkhand
Plantation Farming
- A commercial farming method focusing on a single crop grown over large areas.
- Incorporates both agriculture and industry; requires capital-intensive inputs and migrant labor.
- Major plantation crops in India include tea, coffee, rubber, and sugarcane.
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Description
Explore the significance of agriculture in India, where a significant portion of the population is involved in farming activities. This quiz covers the types of farming, industries that rely on agricultural raw materials, and key export products like tea and spices.
