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Questions and Answers
Which characteristic is LEAST likely associated with Aeromonas hydrophila?
Which characteristic is LEAST likely associated with Aeromonas hydrophila?
- Oxidase positive
- Urease positive (correct)
- Growth on CIN agar with a 'bull's eye' appearance
- Beta-hemolytic colonies
Which of the following tests can differentiate Aeromonas from Vibrio?
Which of the following tests can differentiate Aeromonas from Vibrio?
- Catalase reaction
- Growth in 6.5% NaCl (correct)
- Growth in 0% NaCl
- Oxidase reaction
What atmospheric condition is MOST optimal for the growth of Campylobacter species?
What atmospheric condition is MOST optimal for the growth of Campylobacter species?
- Strictly aerobic
- Strictly anaerobic
- Facultative anaerobic
- Microaerophilic with capnophilic conditions (correct)
Which test result is MOST helpful in differentiating Campylobacter jejuni from Campylobacter coli?
Which test result is MOST helpful in differentiating Campylobacter jejuni from Campylobacter coli?
A patient presents with gastroenteritis and is suspected of having a Campylobacter infection. Which culture medium is MOST appropriate for isolating this organism from a stool sample?
A patient presents with gastroenteritis and is suspected of having a Campylobacter infection. Which culture medium is MOST appropriate for isolating this organism from a stool sample?
What virulence factor is MOST closely associated with the pathogenesis of Vibrio cholerae?
What virulence factor is MOST closely associated with the pathogenesis of Vibrio cholerae?
Which of the following Vibrio species will MOST likely grow in a culture medium without NaCl?
Which of the following Vibrio species will MOST likely grow in a culture medium without NaCl?
A laboratory performs a String Test on a colony of Gram-negative bacteria. A viscous string is observed when the colony is lifted with a loop after mixing with sodium deoxycholate. This is MOST indicative of:
A laboratory performs a String Test on a colony of Gram-negative bacteria. A viscous string is observed when the colony is lifted with a loop after mixing with sodium deoxycholate. This is MOST indicative of:
Which test is considered to be the non-invasive for Helicobacter pylori?
Which test is considered to be the non-invasive for Helicobacter pylori?
What bacterial species is MOST associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome?
What bacterial species is MOST associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome?
Select which species of bacteria is found in chlorinated water?
Select which species of bacteria is found in chlorinated water?
A patient who has AIDS is suspected of having a Campylobacter infection. Which condition is MOST likely cause?
A patient who has AIDS is suspected of having a Campylobacter infection. Which condition is MOST likely cause?
A microbiology student is learning about Helicobacter pylori. Which is the bacteria's MOST typical shape?
A microbiology student is learning about Helicobacter pylori. Which is the bacteria's MOST typical shape?
Which of the following is the ONLY significant member of the genus Helicobacter?
Which of the following is the ONLY significant member of the genus Helicobacter?
A researcher is studying aquatic bacteria and finds a Gram-negative rod that is oxidase-positive and ferments glucose. It is able to grow in a 6% NaCl solution. Which bacteria is it MOST likely to be?
A researcher is studying aquatic bacteria and finds a Gram-negative rod that is oxidase-positive and ferments glucose. It is able to grow in a 6% NaCl solution. Which bacteria is it MOST likely to be?
The Microbiology lab tech notices that the Gram stain of a bacteria that demonstrates darting motility. Which bacteria would fit this description?
The Microbiology lab tech notices that the Gram stain of a bacteria that demonstrates darting motility. Which bacteria would fit this description?
What is the MOST accurate description of the morphology of Campylobacter when observed under a microscope?
What is the MOST accurate description of the morphology of Campylobacter when observed under a microscope?
A microbiologist is tasked with confirming the presence of a particular gram-negative bacteria within a sample. They use a test that detects the cytochrome oxidase enzyme system, this test is called the:
A microbiologist is tasked with confirming the presence of a particular gram-negative bacteria within a sample. They use a test that detects the cytochrome oxidase enzyme system, this test is called the:
Which statement BEST describes the oxygen requirements of Campylobacter jejuni?
Which statement BEST describes the oxygen requirements of Campylobacter jejuni?
A patient with a history of gastric ulcers tests positive for urease activity via a breath test. Which organism is MOST likely causing the patient's condition?
A patient with a history of gastric ulcers tests positive for urease activity via a breath test. Which organism is MOST likely causing the patient's condition?
Flashcards
Aeromonas
Aeromonas
Gram-negative straight rods; glucose fermenters, urease (-), catalase & oxidase (+). Found in fresh, estuarine, and chlorinated water.
Helicobacter
Helicobacter
Gram-negative, curved rods that resembles Campylobacter with lophotrichous flagella. Oxidase and catalase (+); most have urease activity.
Helicobacter pylori
Helicobacter pylori
Major cause of type B gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma. Natural habitat is the human stomach.
Campylobacter
Campylobacter
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Campylobacter jejuni
Campylobacter jejuni
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Vibrio
Vibrio
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Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae
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Study Notes
- MICROBIOLOGY - BACTERIOLOGY
Aeromonas
- Belongs to the family Aeromonadaceae.
- Species are found in fresh, estuarine, and chlorinated water like tap water.
- Gram-negative straight rods; glucose fermenters, urease (-), catalase & oxidase (+).
- Causative agent of the "red-leg" disease in amphibians.
- Aeromonas hydrophila ("water loving") is the most common isolate.
- It forms large, round, raised, opaque, and beta-hemolytic colonies.
- On CIN agar, colonies show a "bull's eye" appearance.
Differential Characteristics of Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, and Vibrio
- O/129: Aeromonas is resistant, Plesiomonas is susceptible, Vibrio is susceptible.
- TCBS growth: Aeromonas shows growth, Plesiomonas no growth, Vibrio growth for V. cholerae and V. mimicus, but not other Vibrio spp.
- 0% NaCl: Aeromonas shows growth.
- 6.5% NaCl: Aeromonas shows no growth.
- Inositol fermentation: Plesiomonas shows growth.
- Gelatinase: Plesiomonas is positive.
- String Test: Vibrio is positive.
Campylobacter
- Belongs to the family Campylobacteraceae.
- Gram-negative, catalase & oxidase (+), curved, S-shaped (seagull wings appearance) with single polar unsheathed flagellum.
- Species grow best at 42°C and are microaerophilic (5% O2, 10% CO2, 85% N2), and capnophilic.
- Motility: Darting motility.
- Culture Medium: Skirrow's, Campy-Blood Agar.
- Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni:
- Most common cause of gastroenteritis worldwide (global diarrhea).
- Most recognized antecedent cause of Guillain-Barre syndrome.
- Causes septic arthritis among AIDS patients.
- Other representative species: Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter fetus.
Campylobacter Tests
- Growth at 37°C: C. jejuni (+), C. coli (+).
- Growth at 42°C: C. jejuni (+), C. coli (+), C. fetus (+).
- Nalidixic acid: C. jejuni (Susceptible), C. coli (Susceptible), C. fetus (Resistant).
- Cephalotin: C. jejuni (Resistant), C. coli (Resistant), C. fetus (Susceptible).
- Hippurate: C. jejuni (+).
Helicobacter
- Gram-negative, curved rods that resembles Campylobacter with lophotrichous flagella.
- Oxidase and catalase (+); most have a strong urease activity, and are microaerophilic and capnophilic.
Helicobacter pylori
- The only significant member of the genus Helicobacter.
- Major cause of type B gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma.
- The natural habitat is the human stomach.
- Histology staining and culture of biopsies obtained from stomach or duodenum are recommended for identification.
- Non-invasive test: Urea Breath Test.
Helicobacter vs Campylobcter jejuni
- Hippurate Hydrolysis: Campylobacter jejuni (+), Helicobacter pylori (-).
- Growth at 42°C: Campylobacter jejuni (+), Helicobacter pylori (V).
- Urease: Helicobacter pylori (+), Camplyobacter jejuni (-).
- Indoxyl Acetate Hydrolysis: Campylobacter jejuni (+).
- Nalidixic Acid: Campylobacter jejuni (Susceptible), Helicobacter pylori (Resistant).
- Cephalotin: Campylobacter jejuni (Resistant), Helicobacter pylori (Susceptible).
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