Adverbs: Forming and Position

Adverbs: Forming and Position

• Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, or entire clauses
• Adverbs indicate manner, time, place, frequency, and degree
• Adverbs can be formed by adding -ly to adjectives
  • Example: sudden - suddenly, quick - quickly
• Some adverbs change internal vowel patterns when adding -ly
  • Example: happy - happily, comfortable - comfortably
• Some adverbs double the final consonant before adding -ly
  • Example: careful - carefully

Forming Adverbs

• Some adverbs have the same form as adjectives
  • Example: far (adjective) - We live far away from here (adverb)

Forming Adverbs (continued)

• Some adverbs are not derived from adjectives
• Adverbs are formed from other parts of speech like nouns, verbs, and participles

Position of Adverbs

• Adverbs of time are often placed at the end of a sentence
  • Example: He arrived yesterday.
• Adverbs of time can be placed at the beginning of the sentence to emphasize time:
  • Example: Later, they ate some snacks.
• Adverbs of time that indicate how long are also frequently placed at the end:
  • Example: They stayed there for a year.

Position of Adverbs (continued)

• Adverbs of place generally follow the main verb or the clause they modify
  • Example: I searched everywhere I could think of.
• Adverbs of place are sometimes placed at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis
  • Example: Here comes the bus

Position of Adverbs (continued)

• Adverbs of manner usually follow the main verb or object
  • Example: He plays tennis well.
• Adverbs of manner are typically not placed between a verb and its direct object.
• If a preposition precedes the object, the adverb of manner can follow the preposition or the object

Position of Adverbs (continued) - Manner

• Adverbs of manner often follow verbs without objects (intransitive verbs)
  • Example: The city grew quickly.

Position of Adverbs (continued) - Degree

• Adverbs of degree usually precede the adjective, adverb, or verb they modify
  • Example: She nearly died.
• Adverbs of degree enough follows adjectives or adverbs it modifies
  • Example: Is your coffee hot enough?
• Adverbs of degree too, signifying excessively, goes before the modified word
  • Example: This coffee is too hot.

Position of Adverbs (continued) - Frequency

• Adverbs of definite frequency (weekly, monthly) normally come at the end of the sentence
  • Example: The managers meet weekly.
• Adverbs of indefinite frequency (usually, occasionally) precede the main verb, except 'to be'
  • Example: The children usually go to school.
• "Always", "never", "hardly ever", "rarely" and "seldom" usually go after the auxiliary verb "to be" or after any other auxiliary verbs
  • Example: We rarely see him nowadays.

Exceptional cases of Adverb Placement

• Some adverbs, especially those expressing time, require different placement in certain grammatical structures.
  • Example: He died yesterday. / Yesterday he died.
• Some adverbs require a specific position in relation to the subject, auxiliary, and main verbs when inverting grammatical phrasing.
  • Example: Never have I seen such courage