Advancements in Public Health
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Questions and Answers

Which field of Pathology focuses on the diagnosis of diseases through the examination of organs, tissue, or bodily fluids?

  • Anatomical pathology
  • Forensic pathology
  • Molecular pathology (correct)
  • Cytopathology

    • Which field of Clinical Pathology specializes in diagnosing and treating patients with failures of the immune system?

  • Clinical chemistry
  • Microbiology
  • Blood bank/hematology
  • Immunology (correct)

    • Which field of Pathology investigates unexpected, unnatural, or violent deaths?

  • Forensic pathology (correct)
  • Cytopathology
  • Anatomical pathology
  • Molecular pathology

    • Which field of Clinical Pathology focuses on the study of microorganisms that cause infections and diseases?

    <p>Microbiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common specimen used for laboratory testing?

    <p>Saliva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct order of draw for blood specimen collection?

    <p>Red top, lavender top, green top</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of specimen is NOT suitable for testing divalent elements such as calcium or magnesium?

    <p>Plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of testing in molecular pathology?

    <p>Microscopic examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a category of disease based on cause?

    <p>Environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A disease that is caused by alterations in genetic material, such as a single mutation in a DNA base pair, falls under which category of disease based on cause?

    <p>Genetic or congenital factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to an intrinsically abnormal development process resulting in structural abnormalities?

    <p>Malformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a disease or adverse condition resulting from treatment by a healthcare professional?

    <p>Iatrogenic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about accuracy and precision in lab tests?

    <p>Accuracy describes the ability of data to match the actual value, while precision describes the spread of data from the average.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about specificity in lab tests?

    <p>Specificity describes the absence of disease in a non-disease population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about sensitivity in lab tests?

    <p>Sensitivity describes the power of the test to give a positive result in diseased subjects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about positive predictive value (PPV) in lab tests?

    <p>PPV is the percent probability that a positive test result correctly predicts the presence of disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following strategies can improve laboratory test utilization?

    <p>Ordering only tests related to the specific disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of reflex testing in laboratory diagnostics?

    <p>To improve disease diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of laboratory stewardship?

    <p>Appropriate utilization of laboratory tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is unnecessary testing, procedures, and treatments a concern in healthcare?

    <p>It may lead to increased healthcare costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the top 5 causes of death in Canada in 2019?

    <p>Cerebrovascular diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a change in the normal number or structure of chromosomes?

    <p>Chromosomal abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a heritable disorder?

    <p>Genetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a chemical, biological, or physical agent that causes physical defects in the embryo?

    <p>Teratogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient had a normal colonoscopy but was diagnosed with colonic adenocarcinoma?

    <p>Amit Chandra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the major concern with Amit Chandra's case?

    <p>Incorrect diagnosis could lead to incorrect treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient had a large polyp removed during colonoscopy but no pathology was ordered?

    <p>Claire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the possible pre-analytical causes for the lack of pathology order for Claire?

    <p>Miscommunication, incomplete documentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cancers have the highest incidence for both sexes according to the Cancer-specific stats 2020?

    <p>Lung cancer, Breast cancer, Colorectal cancer, Prostate cancer, Bladder cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cancers appear on the highest mortality list but not on the highest incidence list for both sexes according to the Cancer-specific stats 2020?

    <p>Prostate cancer, Bladder cancer, Uterus cancer, Thyroid cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

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