Advanced Molecular Biology Quiz
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Advanced Molecular Biology Quiz

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@LuxuryGold

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of the sigma factor in prokaryotic transcription initiation?

  • It facilitates translation initiation
  • It aids in mRNA processing
  • It helps RNA polymerase recognize the promoter region (correct)
  • It assists in DNA replication

    • During mRNA synthesis, where does the energy come from to create bonds between nucleotides?

  • GTP hydrolysis
  • Hydrolysis of pyrophosphate from incoming nucleotides (correct)
  • ATP hydrolysis
  • Energy from tRNA molecules

    • What is the importance of the 2’, 3’, and 5’ carbons of RNA (and/or DNA)?

  • They determine the nucleotide sequence
  • They are responsible for mRNA stability
  • They are involved in forming phosphodiester bonds (correct)
  • They regulate transcription initiation

    • What do we mean when we say the genetic code is “universal”?

    <p>The same codons code for the same amino acids in all organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tRNA? How are tRNAs “charged”?

    <p>Carrying amino acids to the ribosome; aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases add amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enzyme is used in PCR? What enzymatic activity does it have?

    <p>Taq polymerase; DNA polymerization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the template strand is used as template to produce RNA, why do we call the nontemplate strand the “coding strand”?

    <p>It has the same sequence as the RNA produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What components of the replication fork are not present in PCR, and why are they not needed?

    <p>Helicase and topoisomerase; PCR uses heat to separate DNA strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic code “degenerate”?

    <p>Multiple codons can code for the same amino acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where in the eukaryotic cell do transcription, mRNA processing, and translation occur? What makes this different than prokaryotes?

    <p>Transcription in nucleus, mRNA processing in cytoplasm, translation at ribosomes; compartmentalization differs from prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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