33 Questions
Which method is used to determine the solubility, melting point, and water content of crude drugs?
Physical evaluation
What type of assays are carried out to determine the effects of drugs in various methods for the identification of antimicrobial drugs?
Microbiological assays
Which method is considered to be less precise, more time consuming, and more expensive?
Biological evaluation
What is the main purpose of evaluating crude drugs?
To confirm the identity, purity, and stability of the drugs
What does organoleptic evaluation involve?
Studying drugs based on color, odor, taste, size, and texture
What type of adulteration involves substituting an original drug with an inferior but similar drug?
Substitution adulteration
What is the purpose of microscopic evaluation in drug evaluation?
To identify characteristic tissue structures and detect adulterants
What is the purpose of qualitative chemical tests in plant chemical evaluation?
To identify different phytoconstituents through chemical treatments
What color does the Dragendroff reagent turn when it reacts with alkaloids?
Orange
What type of analysis is used to analyze the chemical groups of phytoconstituents?
Instrumental analysis
Which method is NOT a type of chromatographic method used in plant chemical evaluation?
Gas chromatography
What is the purpose of biological evaluation in the context of drug evaluation?
To evaluate the pharmacological activity and toxicity of the plant or extract
Which method is commonly used in microbiological assays for identifying antimicrobial drugs?
Agar well diffusion method
What physical characteristics of herb material are typically evaluated in crude drug evaluation?
Degree of fiber and specific gravity
What type of adulteration results from incorrect storage and leads to impaired or destroyed medicinal value of herbs?
Spoilage
Which type of adulteration involves the drug containing another species of herbs or foreign materials that are not medicinally valuable?
Admixture
What type of adulteration occurs when the required drug is substituted by using different materials that have no medicinal activities?
Sophistication
When the fruits of opium poppy contain less than 10% of anhydrous morphine, it is considered a case of which type of adulteration?
Inferiority
What is the purpose of organoleptic evaluation in the context of drug evaluation?
To study the drugs using organs of senses, such as color, odor, taste, size, shape, touch, and texture
What type of adulteration involves substituting an original drug with an inferior but similar drug?
Substitution
What does the evaluation of drugs primarily ensure?
The identity and purity of drugs
What method of evaluation involves using microscopic techniques to identify plant herbs and detect adulterants?
Microscopic evaluation
What is the purpose of instrumental analysis in phytoconstituent evaluation?
To evaluate the chemical groups of phytoconstituents using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods
Which reagent is used to identify alkaloids by giving a white color reaction?
Mayer reagent
What is the purpose of quantitative chemical tests in phytoconstituent evaluation?
To conduct assays for alkaloids, glycosides, volatile oils, vitamins, or other constituents
Which type of chromatographic method is commonly used in plant chemical evaluation?
Thin layer chromatography
What is the primary reason for practicing the adulteration of herbs (drugs) when the herb is expensive?
To naturally result in destruction of the quality of herbs
What type of adulteration involves the drug containing foreign materials such as stones and dirt, or another species of herbs that are not medicinally valuable?
Admixture
When is a drug considered to be adulterated due to inferiority?
When it contains less than 10% anhydrous morphine
What type of adulteration involves substituting the required drug with different materials that have no medicinal activities?
Sophistication
What method is commonly used to determine the solubility, melting point, and water content of crude drugs?
Physical evaluation methods
Which type of evaluation ensures the determination of pharmacological activity, potency, and toxicity of the plant or extract?
Biological evaluation
What method is employed in the identification of antimicrobial drugs in microbiological assays?
Agar well diffusion method
Test your knowledge on the adulteration of herbs and spices with this quiz. Identify the purpose of ingredients like curcuma, chilies, and powdered flour in mixtures, and learn about the types of adulteration such as deterioration and substitution.
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