Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which method is used to determine the solubility, melting point, and water content of crude drugs?
Which method is used to determine the solubility, melting point, and water content of crude drugs?
- Physical evaluation (correct)
- Infrared spectroscopy
- Ultraviolet spectroscopy
- Mass spectroscopy
What type of assays are carried out to determine the effects of drugs in various methods for the identification of antimicrobial drugs?
What type of assays are carried out to determine the effects of drugs in various methods for the identification of antimicrobial drugs?
- Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy
- Microbiological assays (correct)
- Infrared spectroscopy
- Biological evaluation
Which method is considered to be less precise, more time consuming, and more expensive?
Which method is considered to be less precise, more time consuming, and more expensive?
- Ultraviolet spectroscopy
- Infrared spectroscopy
- Biological evaluation (correct)
- Mass spectroscopy
What is the main purpose of evaluating crude drugs?
What is the main purpose of evaluating crude drugs?
What does organoleptic evaluation involve?
What does organoleptic evaluation involve?
What type of adulteration involves substituting an original drug with an inferior but similar drug?
What type of adulteration involves substituting an original drug with an inferior but similar drug?
What is the purpose of microscopic evaluation in drug evaluation?
What is the purpose of microscopic evaluation in drug evaluation?
What is the purpose of qualitative chemical tests in plant chemical evaluation?
What is the purpose of qualitative chemical tests in plant chemical evaluation?
What color does the Dragendroff reagent turn when it reacts with alkaloids?
What color does the Dragendroff reagent turn when it reacts with alkaloids?
What type of analysis is used to analyze the chemical groups of phytoconstituents?
What type of analysis is used to analyze the chemical groups of phytoconstituents?
Which method is NOT a type of chromatographic method used in plant chemical evaluation?
Which method is NOT a type of chromatographic method used in plant chemical evaluation?
What is the purpose of biological evaluation in the context of drug evaluation?
What is the purpose of biological evaluation in the context of drug evaluation?
Which method is commonly used in microbiological assays for identifying antimicrobial drugs?
Which method is commonly used in microbiological assays for identifying antimicrobial drugs?
What physical characteristics of herb material are typically evaluated in crude drug evaluation?
What physical characteristics of herb material are typically evaluated in crude drug evaluation?
What type of adulteration results from incorrect storage and leads to impaired or destroyed medicinal value of herbs?
What type of adulteration results from incorrect storage and leads to impaired or destroyed medicinal value of herbs?
Which type of adulteration involves the drug containing another species of herbs or foreign materials that are not medicinally valuable?
Which type of adulteration involves the drug containing another species of herbs or foreign materials that are not medicinally valuable?
What type of adulteration occurs when the required drug is substituted by using different materials that have no medicinal activities?
What type of adulteration occurs when the required drug is substituted by using different materials that have no medicinal activities?
When the fruits of opium poppy contain less than 10% of anhydrous morphine, it is considered a case of which type of adulteration?
When the fruits of opium poppy contain less than 10% of anhydrous morphine, it is considered a case of which type of adulteration?
What is the purpose of organoleptic evaluation in the context of drug evaluation?
What is the purpose of organoleptic evaluation in the context of drug evaluation?
What type of adulteration involves substituting an original drug with an inferior but similar drug?
What type of adulteration involves substituting an original drug with an inferior but similar drug?
What does the evaluation of drugs primarily ensure?
What does the evaluation of drugs primarily ensure?
What method of evaluation involves using microscopic techniques to identify plant herbs and detect adulterants?
What method of evaluation involves using microscopic techniques to identify plant herbs and detect adulterants?
What is the purpose of instrumental analysis in phytoconstituent evaluation?
What is the purpose of instrumental analysis in phytoconstituent evaluation?
Which reagent is used to identify alkaloids by giving a white color reaction?
Which reagent is used to identify alkaloids by giving a white color reaction?
What is the purpose of quantitative chemical tests in phytoconstituent evaluation?
What is the purpose of quantitative chemical tests in phytoconstituent evaluation?
Which type of chromatographic method is commonly used in plant chemical evaluation?
Which type of chromatographic method is commonly used in plant chemical evaluation?
What is the primary reason for practicing the adulteration of herbs (drugs) when the herb is expensive?
What is the primary reason for practicing the adulteration of herbs (drugs) when the herb is expensive?
What type of adulteration involves the drug containing foreign materials such as stones and dirt, or another species of herbs that are not medicinally valuable?
What type of adulteration involves the drug containing foreign materials such as stones and dirt, or another species of herbs that are not medicinally valuable?
When is a drug considered to be adulterated due to inferiority?
When is a drug considered to be adulterated due to inferiority?
What type of adulteration involves substituting the required drug with different materials that have no medicinal activities?
What type of adulteration involves substituting the required drug with different materials that have no medicinal activities?
What method is commonly used to determine the solubility, melting point, and water content of crude drugs?
What method is commonly used to determine the solubility, melting point, and water content of crude drugs?
Which type of evaluation ensures the determination of pharmacological activity, potency, and toxicity of the plant or extract?
Which type of evaluation ensures the determination of pharmacological activity, potency, and toxicity of the plant or extract?
What method is employed in the identification of antimicrobial drugs in microbiological assays?
What method is employed in the identification of antimicrobial drugs in microbiological assays?
Flashcards
Physical Evaluation
Physical Evaluation
Determines solubility, melting point, and water content.
Microbiological Assays
Microbiological Assays
Assesses effects of drugs for identifying antimicrobial properties.
Biological Evaluation
Biological Evaluation
Evaluation method is less precise, time-consuming, and expensive.
Evaluating Crude Drugs
Evaluating Crude Drugs
Confirms identity, purity, and stability.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Organoleptic Evaluation
Organoleptic Evaluation
Studying drugs based on color, odor, taste, size, and texture.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Substitution Adulteration
Substitution Adulteration
Substituting an original drug with an inferior but similar drug.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Microscopic Evaluation
Microscopic Evaluation
Identifies tissue structures and detects adulterants.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Qualitative Chemical Tests
Qualitative Chemical Tests
Identifies phytoconstituents through chemical treatments.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Dragendroff Reagent
Dragendroff Reagent
Turns orange when reacting with alkaloids.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Instrumental Analysis
Instrumental Analysis
Analysis used to analyze the chemical groups of phytoconstituents.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Biological Evaluation
Biological Evaluation
Evaluates pharmacological activity and toxicity.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Agar Well Diffusion Method
Agar Well Diffusion Method
Commonly used in microbiological assays for identifying antimicrobial drugs.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Physical Characteristics
Physical Characteristics
Degree of fiber and specific gravity.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Spoilage Adulteration
Spoilage Adulteration
Incorrect storage leads to impaired medicinal value.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Admixture Adulteration
Admixture Adulteration
Drug contains another species of herbs or foreign materials, not medicinally valuable.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sophistication Adulteration
Sophistication Adulteration
Required drug substituted with materials having no medicinal activities.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Inferiority Adulteration
Inferiority Adulteration
Less than 10% of anhydrous morphine.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Organoleptic Evaluation
Organoleptic Evaluation
To study drugs using organs of senses.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Evaluation of Drugs
Evaluation of Drugs
Ensures identity and purity of drugs.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Microscopic Evaluation
Microscopic Evaluation
Using microscopic techniques to identify plant herbs and detect adulterants.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Instrumental Analysis
Instrumental Analysis
Evaluate chemical groups of phytoconstituents using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mayer Reagent
Mayer Reagent
Used to identify alkaloids, giving a white color reaction.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Quantitative Chemical Tests
Quantitative Chemical Tests
Conduct assays for alkaloids, glycosides, volatile oils, vitamins, or other constituents.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Thin Layer Chromatography
Thin Layer Chromatography
Commonly used chromatographic method.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Admixture
Admixture
Drug contains foreign materials, another species of herbs that are not medicinally valuable.
Signup and view all the flashcards
