32. Adrenocortical Hormone Deficiency

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Questions and Answers

Which is the most common cause of primary (nonexogenous) bilateral ACTH deficiency in the United States?

  • Autoimmune disease (correct)
  • Tuberculosis
  • Cytotoxic drugs
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Which condition is associated with local destruction of all zones of the adrenal cortex?

  • Cytotoxic drugs
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  • Addison disease (correct)
  • Sheehan syndrome

Which condition is NOT a cause of adrenocortical insufficiency?

  • Autoimmune disease
  • HIV (correct)
  • Cytotoxic drugs
  • Tuberculosis

Which condition is characterized by enzymatic defects in cortisol synthesis, compensatory elevations in ACTH, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

<p>Primary adrenal insufficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen when even a minor stress is present in glucocorticoid-deficient patients?

<p>Acute adrenal crisis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended perioperative glucocorticoid regimen for patients with adrenal insufficiency?

<p>The patient's usual daily dose plus 50 to 100 mg of hydrocortisone before surgical incision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the leading cause of underproduction of corticosteroids?

<p>Withdrawal of steroids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of primary (nonexogenous) bilateral ACTH deficiency in the United States?

<p>Autoimmune disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiency if the insufficiency is bilateral?

<p>Addison disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by compensatory elevations in ACTH and congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

<p>Adrenal insufficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency?

<p>Pituitary or hypothalamic tumor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended perioperative glucocorticoid regimen for patients with adrenal insufficiency?

<p>25 mg hydrocortisone phosphate intravenously at the start of the operative procedure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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