Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of adrenergic drugs activate the adrenergic receptor by directly activating it?
Which type of adrenergic drugs activate the adrenergic receptor by directly activating it?
Where are the adrenergic neurons found which release norepinephrine as the primary neurotransmitter?
Where are the adrenergic neurons found which release norepinephrine as the primary neurotransmitter?
Which part of the neuron or effector organ are the sites of action of adrenergic drugs?
Which part of the neuron or effector organ are the sites of action of adrenergic drugs?
What is the primary neurotransmitter released by adrenergic neurons?
What is the primary neurotransmitter released by adrenergic neurons?
Signup and view all the answers
What neurotransmitter is used in neurotransmission at adrenergic neurons?
What neurotransmitter is used in neurotransmission at adrenergic neurons?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of drugs interrupt the release of norepinephrine from adrenergic neurons?
Which type of drugs interrupt the release of norepinephrine from adrenergic neurons?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of adrenergic receptor is predominantly found in the heart?
Which type of adrenergic receptor is predominantly found in the heart?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the characteristic response of α1 receptor stimulation?
What is the characteristic response of α1 receptor stimulation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which adrenergic receptor type is responsible for vasodilation in the skeletal vascular beds?
Which adrenergic receptor type is responsible for vasodilation in the skeletal vascular beds?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the major effect mediated by α2 adrenoceptors?
What is the major effect mediated by α2 adrenoceptors?
Signup and view all the answers
Which structural feature differentiates catecholamines from noncatecholamines?
Which structural feature differentiates catecholamines from noncatecholamines?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main reason for the poor penetration of catecholamines into the central nervous system (CNS)?
What is the main reason for the poor penetration of catecholamines into the central nervous system (CNS)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is true about epinephrine?
Which of the following is true about epinephrine?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the major action of epinephrine on the cardiovascular system?
What is the major action of epinephrine on the cardiovascular system?
Signup and view all the answers
What effect does epinephrine have on hyperglycemia?
What effect does epinephrine have on hyperglycemia?
Signup and view all the answers
Which enzyme is responsible for metabolizing epinephrine?
Which enzyme is responsible for metabolizing epinephrine?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the final metabolite found in the urine after metabolizing epinephrine?
What is the final metabolite found in the urine after metabolizing epinephrine?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mechanism of action for direct-acting adrenergic agonists?
What is the mechanism of action for direct-acting adrenergic agonists?
Signup and view all the answers
Which process involves the removal of norepinephrine from the synaptic space?
Which process involves the removal of norepinephrine from the synaptic space?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary structure alteration that influences the affinity of adrenoceptors for various agents?
What is the primary structure alteration that influences the affinity of adrenoceptors for various agents?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of norepinephrine?
What is the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of norepinephrine?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of adrenoceptors exhibit strong response to isoproterenol and less sensitivity to epinephrine and norepinephrine?
Which type of adrenoceptors exhibit strong response to isoproterenol and less sensitivity to epinephrine and norepinephrine?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the enzyme responsible for decarboxylating DOPA to form dopamine?
What is the enzyme responsible for decarboxylating DOPA to form dopamine?
Signup and view all the answers
Which drug can block the carrier system involved in the transport of dopamine into synaptic vesicles?
Which drug can block the carrier system involved in the transport of dopamine into synaptic vesicles?
Signup and view all the answers
Which class of adrenoceptors primarily mediate classic effects involving constriction of smooth muscle?
Which class of adrenoceptors primarily mediate classic effects involving constriction of smooth muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What triggers the release of norepinephrine from the nerve junction?
What triggers the release of norepinephrine from the nerve junction?
Signup and view all the answers
What initiates the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol upon activation of α1 receptors?
What initiates the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol upon activation of α1 receptors?
Signup and view all the answers
Which receptor subtype causes feedback inhibition of norepinephrine release from the stimulated adrenergic neuron?
Which receptor subtype causes feedback inhibition of norepinephrine release from the stimulated adrenergic neuron?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary mechanism for termination of norepinephrine's effects?
What is the primary mechanism for termination of norepinephrine's effects?
Signup and view all the answers
What enzyme is responsible for oxidizing recaptured norepinephrine in neuronal mitochondria?
What enzyme is responsible for oxidizing recaptured norepinephrine in neuronal mitochondria?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary drug used in the emergency treatment of bronchospasm?
What is the primary drug used in the emergency treatment of bronchospasm?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the drug of choice for the treatment of acute asthma and anaphylactic shock?
What is the drug of choice for the treatment of acute asthma and anaphylactic shock?
Signup and view all the answers
In chronic treatment of asthma, which drug is presently favored due to longer duration of action and minimal cardiac stimulatory effect?
In chronic treatment of asthma, which drug is presently favored due to longer duration of action and minimal cardiac stimulatory effect?
Signup and view all the answers
Which drug may be used to restore cardiac rhythm in patients with cardiac arrest regardless of the cause?
Which drug may be used to restore cardiac rhythm in patients with cardiac arrest regardless of the cause?
Signup and view all the answers
What effect does epinephrine have when included in local anesthetic solutions?
What effect does epinephrine have when included in local anesthetic solutions?
Signup and view all the answers
Which route is the preferred route for epinephrine administration due to rapid absorption?
Which route is the preferred route for epinephrine administration due to rapid absorption?
Signup and view all the answers
What adverse CNS effects can epinephrine produce?
What adverse CNS effects can epinephrine produce?
Signup and view all the answers
In which condition does epinephrine induce pulmonary edema?
In which condition does epinephrine induce pulmonary edema?
Signup and view all the answers
'What effect does cocaine have on the cardiovascular actions of epinephrine?'
'What effect does cocaine have on the cardiovascular actions of epinephrine?'
Signup and view all the answers
'What effect do β-blockers have on epinephrine's effects on β receptors?'
'What effect do β-blockers have on epinephrine's effects on β receptors?'
Signup and view all the answers
